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Matter – Properties and Changes

Matter – Properties and Changes. Chap. 3. Can you think of anything that is pure?. Substance. (Pure) Substance . Matter that has a constant, unchanging composition. Substance Properties of matter. Substance Properties of matter. Extensive vs. Intensive. Extensive Property.

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Matter – Properties and Changes

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  1. Matter – Properties and Changes Chap. 3

  2. Can you think of anything that is pure?

  3. Substance

  4. (Pure) Substance Matter that has a constant, unchanging composition

  5. Substance • Properties of matter

  6. Substance • Properties of matter • Extensive vs. Intensive

  7. Extensive Property Intensive Property

  8. Extensive Property Intensive Property Depends on amount of substance

  9. Extensive Property Intensive Property Depends on amount of substance Ex. mass, length, volume,

  10. Extensive Property Intensive Property Depends on amount of substance Independent of the amount of substance Ex. mass, length, volume,

  11. Extensive Property Intensive Property Depends on amount of substance Independent of the amount of substance Ex. mass, length, volume, Ex. density, boiling point, color

  12. Substance • Properties of Matter • Extensive vs. Intensive • Physical vs. Chemical

  13. Physical Property Chemical Property

  14. Physical Property Chemical Property Property that can be observed without altering composition

  15. Physical Property Chemical Property Property that can be observed without altering composition Ex. color, state, BP, density

  16. Physical Property Chemical Property Property that can be observed without altering composition Property that when measured alters a substance Ex. color, state, BP, density

  17. Physical Property Chemical Property Property that can be observed without altering composition Property that when measured alters a substance Ex. color, state, BP, density Ex. Oxidizing ability, reactivity

  18. Substance • Properties of Matter • Extensive vs. Intensive • Physical vs. Chemical • State

  19. Three States of Matter

  20. Three States of Matter • Solid • Liquid • Gas

  21. Substance • Properties of Matter • Changes in Matter

  22. Substance • Properties of Matter • Changes in Matter • Physical vs. Chemical

  23. Physical Change Chemical Change Change in macro-scopic structure without altering composition

  24. Physical Change Chemical Change Change in macro-scopic structure without altering composition Ex. Crush, cut, grind, phase change

  25. Physical Change Chemical Change Change in macro-scopic structure without altering composition Change that alters composition of substance Ex. Crush, cut, grind, phase change

  26. Physical Change Chemical Change Change in macro-scopic structure without altering composition Change that alters composition of substance Ex. Crush, cut, grind, phase change Ex. Corrode, explode, oxidize, burn

  27. Substance • Properties of Matter • Changes in Matter • Physical vs. Chemical • Conservation of Mass

  28. Conservation of Mass Massreactants = Massproducts

  29. Self Check – Ex. 1 A 22.8-g sample of water is decomposed. It produces 2.6-g of hydrogen. What mass of oxygen is formed?

  30. Self Check – Ex. 1 A 22.8-g sample of water is decomposed. It produces 2.6-g of hydrogen. What mass of oxygen is formed? Moxygen = 20.6 g

  31. Mixtures • Homogenous vs. Heterogeneous

  32. Mixture Combination of two or more pure substances

  33. Mixtures • Homogenous vs. Heterogeneous

  34. Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture has the same composition throughout.

  35. Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture has the same composition throughout. Ex. gatorade, radiator fluid, saltwater

  36. Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture has the same composition throughout. mixture with visibly different parts. Ex. gatorade, radiator fluid, saltwater

  37. Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture has the same composition throughout. mixture with visibly different parts. Ex. gatorade, radiator fluid, saltwater Ex. salad, root beer float, sandy water

  38. Homogenous Mixture = Solution

  39. some other solutions • gas in gas – air • gas in liquid – carbonated drink • liquid in gas – water droplets in air • solid in solid – alloy

  40. Mixtures • Separating

  41. Mixtures • Separating • filtration

  42. Mixtures • Separating • filtration • distillation

  43. Mixtures • Separating • filtration • distillation • crystallization

  44. Mixtures • Separating • filtration • distillation • crystallization • chromatography

  45. Self Check – Ex. 2 A mixture of salt, sand and water is created. How can you recover the sand and salt?

  46. Self Check – Ex. 3 A mixture of red dye is placed in water. How can this mixture be separated?

  47. Elements & Compounds • Element

  48. Element Pure substance that can’t be broken down by physical or chemical means

  49. elements • organized on periodic table • about 100 elements (90 occur naturally) • they aren’t equally abundant • abbreviated with 1 or 2 letter symbols

  50. Elements & Compounds • Element • Compound

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