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Kejatuhan Empayar Ottoman pt !

Zaman keagungan telah hancur ... Sebabnya ...Kelemahan Pemerintah , Tamak , Politik Dalaman , Musuh Luar , Tidak Hayati Islam

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Kejatuhan Empayar Ottoman pt !

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  1. ERA KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR UTHMANI 1566 – 1876 POWERPOINT TELAH DISEDIAKAN UNTUK ISMA CAW. KUANTAN OLEH AHLI ISMA CAW. KUANTAN UNTUK DIMANFAATKAN OLEH MUSLIMIN DAN MUSLIMAT YANG MERASAKAN BAHAWA SEJARAH BOLEH MENGAJAR KITA UNTUK MENJADI LEBIH DEWASA. TERIMA KASIH KEPADA SAHABAT-SHABAT YANG TELAH MEMBERI SEMANGAT DAN KEINGINAN UNTUK MENCARI HIKMAH YANG HILANG Part 1 KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  2. Bhg V : ERA KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR UTHMANI 1566 – 1876 PERSEMBAHAN INI TERDIRI DARI 5 BAHAGIAN : PENGENALAN : i.) PETA DAN TIME-LINE EMPAYAR ISLAM ii.) TERMA DAN SENARAI EMPAYAR ISLAM SULTAN OTTOMAN KETIKA ERA KEJATUHAN i.) SULTAN YANG GAGAH ii.) SULTAN YANG LEMAH KAJIAN DAN RUMUSAN TENTANG PENGAJARAN YANG DAPAT DI AMBIL BEBERAPA DEFINASI BARAT APA KATA BARAT TENTANG SULTAN OTTOMAN IMTIHAN – EXAM - KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  3. DAURAH 1 / 2014 ISMA KUANTAN 25 hb JAN KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  4. Bhg V : ERA KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR UTHMANI 1566 – 1876 TAJUK BUKU : FAKTOR KEBANGKIATAN & SEBAB KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR UTHMANIAH PENULIS : Dr. ALI MUHAMMAD As-SOLABI SILA DOUBLE CLICK DALAM KOTAK HITAM UNTUK NASYID KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  5. SEJARAH OTTOMAN • PENGENALAN & LATARBELAKANG KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  6. The Growth of the Ottoman Empire (29 May 1453 – 11/12 September 1683) is the period followed after the Rise of the Ottoman Empire (5 July 1413 – 29 May 1453) in which the Ottoman state expanded southwestwards into North Africa and battled with the re-emergent PersianShi'iaSafavid Empire to the east. • The Stagnation : During this period the empire continued to have military might. The next period would be shaped by the decline of their military power which followed the loss of huge territories. The Battle of Vienna of September 1683 marked the loss of the greatest extent of the empire in Europe and from a socio-economic perspective it is accepted as the beginning of the Fall of the Ottoman Empire • The Decline : in which the empire experienced several economic and political setbacks. Directly affecting the Empire at this time was Russian imperialism. The political rhetoric was dominated with the economic problems and national uprisings. The Empire tried to catch up to the western world by passing political and administrative reformations. The decline period was followed by the Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire (24 July 1908 – 30 October 1918). KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

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  13. A Kurdish His name was Yusuf : Saladin wrote "children are brought up in the way in which their elders were brought up." Saladin was able to answer questions on Euclid 323BC Father of Geometry (Axiomatic method, Euclidean geometry, Euclid's orchard , Euclidean relation, Euclidean algorithm Extended Euclidean algorithm ) the Almagest ( a 2nd-century mathematical and astronomical treatise on the apparent motions of the stars and planetary paths. Written in Greek by Claudius Ptolemy, a Roman era scholar of Egypt, it is one of the most influential scientific texts of all time, with its geocentric model accepted for more than twelve hundred years, in the medieval Byzantine and Islamic worlds, ), arithmetic, and law, but this was an academic ideal and it was study of the Qur'an and the "sciences of religion" that linked him to his contemporaries The state of the Ayyubid dynasty and its Arab divided neighbors after the death of Saladin 1171 - 1341 Another factor which may have affected his interest in religion was that during the First Crusade, Jerusalem was taken in a surprise attack by the Christians. In addition to Islam, Saladin had a knowledge of the genealogies, biographies, and histories of the Arabs, as well as the bloodlines of Arabian horses. More significantly, he knew the Hamasah of Abu Tammam (10 books of high Arabic literature poetry) by heart KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  14. Mehmed II (1432 –1481), (also known as el-Fātiḥ (الفاتح), "the Conqueror) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1444 to 1446, and later from February 1451 to 1481. At the age of 21, he conquered Constantinople and brought an end to the Byzantine Empire. Sultan ke 7 dlm O.E. Dan Termasyhur Mehmed died on May 3, 1481, at the age of forty-nine. Mehmed's primary doctor, "Jacob Pasha" an Italian born convert to Islam was suspected of administering poison to Mehmed over a period of time and was executed Mehmed II's Firman on the freedom of the Bosnian Franciscans • “I, the Sultan Khan the Conqueror, hereby declare the whole world that, The Bosnian Franciscans granted with this sultanate firman are under my protection. And I command that: No one shall disturb or give harm to these people and their churches! They shall live in peace in my state. These people who have become emigrants, shall have security and liberty. They may return to their monasteries which are located in the borders of my state. No one from my empire notable, viziers, clerks or my maids will break their honour or give any harm to them! No one shall insult, put in danger or attack these lives, properties, and churches of these people! • The edict was issued by the Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror to protect the basic rights of the Bosnian Christians when he conquered that territory in 1463. The original edict is still kept in the same monastery in Fojnica. It is one of the oldest documents on religious freedom. Mehmed II's oath was entered into force in the Ottoman Empire on May 28, 1463. In 1971, the United Nations published a translation of the document in all the official U.N. languages KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  15. SEJARAH OTTOMAN • PETA , KEDUDUKAN NEGARA2 PENTING DAN TIMELINE KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  16. RashidunCaliphs (632-661) Umayyad Caliphs of Damascus(661-750) Abbasid Caliphs of Baghdad(750-1258) Fatimid Caliphs (910-1171) KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN Umayyad Caliphs of Córdoba(929-1031) Abbasid Caliphs of Cairo (1261-1517) Empayar Othman 1299–1919 EmpayarAyyubidMamluk1171 - 1341

  17. KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  18. LEMAH • SULTAN MOHAMAD III • SULTAN MUSTAFA 1 • SULTAN UTHMAN II • SULTAN MUSTAFA 1 • SULTAN MURAD IV • SULTAN IBRAHIM I • SULTAN MUHAMAD IV • SULTAN SULAIMAN II • SULTAN AHMAD II • SULTAN MUSTAFA II • SULTAN AHMAD III • SULTAN MAHMUD I • SULTAN OTHMAN III • SULTAN MUSTAFA III • SULTAN ABDULHAMID I • GAGAH • SULTAN SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI • SULTAN SALIM II • SULTAN MURAD III • SULTAN AHMAD 1 • SULTAN SALIM III • SULTAN MAHMUD II • SULTAN ABDUL MAJID 1 • SULTAN ABDUL AZIZ 1 • SULTAN MURAD V

  19. The Strength and Weakness Of An Empire Depends On It’s Influence & Expansion 1. RISE (1299 - 1453) 2. GROWTH (1453 - 1683) 3. STAGNATION (1683 - 1827) 4. DECLINE (1828 - 1908) 5. DISSOLUTION (1908 - 1924) KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

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  22. SENARAI PANJANG KALIFAH ISLAM (hanyasebahagiansahajauntukmemberisemangatbahawaramai Sultan2 Islam yang kebanyakkanyaBaikdanBeriman KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  23. SENARAI PANJANG KALIFAH ISLAM (hanyasebahagiansahajauntukmemberisemangatbahawaramai Sultan2 Islam yang kebanyakkanyaBaikdanBeriman KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  24. Sekilas Pandang Empayar Islam diDunia – Ingatlahbahawa Islam pernahmemerintah 2/3 dunia KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  25. KEDUDUKAN NEGARA-NEGARA - AM (1299–1919 ) RUSSIA POLAND PORTUGAL FRANCE HUNGARY SPAIN TURKEY GREECE ALGERIA IRAN SYRIA LIBYA SAUDI EGYPT LALUAN PENTING LAUT KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  26. KEDUDUKAN NEGARA-NEGARA - AM LALUAN LAUT PENTING KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  27. KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  28. 1.) SALAH SATU TUNTUTAN IMAN YANG SEBENAR – KESETIAAN DAN KETELUSAN 2.)FAHAMAN SEMPIT TENTANG IBADAT 3.)KEMUNCULAN BUDAYA SYIRIK, KHURAFAT DAN BIDAAH 4.)PENYELEWANGAN TARIKAT SUFI 5.) KEMUNCULAN KUMPULAN SESAT 6.) LENYAPNYA PIMPINAN RABBANI 7.) MENUTUP PINTU IJTIHAD 8.) KEZALIMAM BERMAHARAJALELA 9.) KEMEWAHAN DAN TENGGELAM DALAM KESERONOKAN 10.) PERTELINGKAN DAN PERPECAHAN • FAKTOR KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTTOMAN

  29. 1.) SALAH SATU TUNTUTAN IMAN YANG SEBENAR – KESETIAAN DAN KETELUSAN Dan sesiapa yang berpalingingkardariingatandanpertunjukKu, makasesungguhnyaadalahbaginyakehidupan yang sempit, danKamiakanhimpunkandiapadaharikiamatdalamkeadaanbuta". Orang-orangkafirYahudidariBaniIsrailtelahdilaknat (didalamKitab-kitabZaburdanInjil) melaluilidahNabiDauddanNabi Isa ibniMaryam. Yang demikianitudisebabkanmerekamenderhakadanselalumenceroboh. Janganlahorang-orang yang berimanmengambilorang- orangkafirmenjaditemanrapatdenganmeninggalkanorang-orang yang beriman. Dan sesiapa yang melakukan (larangan) yang demikianmakatiadalahia (mendapatperlindungan) dari Allah dalamsesuatuapapun, kecualikamuhendakmenjagadiridaripadasesuatubahaya yang ditakutidaripihakmereka (yang kafiritu). Dan Allah perintahkansupayakamuberingat-ingatterhadapkekuasaandiriNya (menyeksakamu). Dan kepada Allah jualahtempatkembali.

  30. 5.) KEMUNCULAN KUMPULAN SESAT • Kumpulan syiah imam 12,Nasiri, Ismaili, Qadiani, Bahaidan Druze • Kesemuamerekasentiasaberpakatdgnmusuhutkmenyerang Islam • NasiridgnMohdAli Pasha menyerang Shams • Qadianidicipta British • Bahaidicipta Russia danYahudi • IsmailidisokongPerancis

  31. HASIL KAJIAN • HASIL KAJIAN : • 1.) Sejarah E.O terdedahkpdperbuatanpembohongan, pemalsuandanpencemarandariYahudi, Kristian, danSekular • 2.) TermasukjugaAhliSejarah Arab danTurki • 3.) KuasaEropahmembiayaihaluanyg anti-khalifahdgnmembantuahlisejarahMesirmengukuhkansemangatperkaumanegalBustani, alYaziji, George Zaidan • 4.) Freemason berjayamenguasaipemikiranFahamanKebangsaandlm Negara Islam Mengikutarahan Freemason berbandingtuntutanbangsamerekasendiriterutama yang dituntut Islam • 5.) AhliSejarahygberusahamencemarnamabaik E.O bertindakmemalsukanfaktasejarah • 6.) BeberapaSejarawanygmempertahankan E.O. egalShanawi E.O- Empayaryg Di Fitnah (3 jld) Dr MuhdHarb-Othmani-SejarahdanBudayadsb • 7.) KaumTurkimemeluk Islam sejakzaman Othman bin Affan.Setelahmemeluk Islam, merekaberkabilahdatangmenyokong E.O. danmenyertai Istana, tenteradanpentadbiran EO

  32. HASIL KAJIAN • 8.) KaumSaljuk (Turki) menyelamatkanKhalifahAbbasiahmenetangBuwehi (Syiah) di Iran danIraq,SaljukdiketuaiTurgulBek • 9.) SelepasituSaljukdipimpin Alp Arsalanygmahirdanberani. Dan diikutiNizam al MulkTusi • 10.) KejatuhanSaljukdisebabkani) campurtanganwanitadalampemerintahan ii.) kelemahanKhalifahAbbasiah iii.) angkaragolonganBatiniygmembunuhSuktan. PemimpinSaljukdanpanglima • 11.) Saljukmemberiimpakbesarkepadasejarah Islam danperkembanganselama 2 kurunegSalahuddin al Ayyubi.

  33. SEJARAH OTTOMAN • TERMA DAN KALIMAT DIGUNAKAN SEMASA OTTOMAN KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  34. Clarirification • KAFES, literally "the cage", was the part of the Imperial Harem of the Ottoman Palace where possible successors to the throne were kept under a form of house-arrest and constant surveillance by the palace guards in order to observe and protection • The confinement of heirs provided security for an incumbent sultan and continuity of the dynasty • First use : When Ahmet I died in 1617, his eldest son was only 13 years old, and for the first time in 14 generations, the Imperial Council altered succession so that the late sultan's brother acceded to the throne as Mustafa I , aged 25 years. He was deposed (for the first time) the following year and became the first inmate of the Kafes although he and other princes throughout the preceding generations had been sequestered in various other places of comfortable confinement. • _____________________________________________________________________ • The HAREM in Ottoman Palaces • Contrary to prevailing opinion, the harem at the time of the Ottomans was not a place of unbridled desire nor a prison for helpless women guarded by fierce eunuchs for the pleasure of lascivious sultans. • The physical location called the Harem consisted of the apartments within the palaces of the Ottoman Sultans or the mansions of the wealthy reserved principally to the women and the children of the household, affording them an undisturbed space for their daily routines and their family life. KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  35. PENGENALAN • AL – JABARTI : Trained as a shaykh at al-Azhar University, al-Jabarti began keeping a monthly chronicle of events in Cairo. This chronicle, which is generally known in English simply as al-Jabarti's History of Egypt, and known in Arabic as Aja'ib al-athar fi al-tarajim wal-akhbar (عجائب الاَثار في التراجم والاخبار ) became a world-famous historical text by virtue of its eyewitness accounts of Napoleon's invasion and Muhammad Ali's seizure of power. The entries from his chronicle dealing with the French expedition and occupation have been excerpted and compiled in English as a separate volume entitled Napoleon in Egypt. • The JANISSARIES(from Ottoman Turkish Yeniçeri meaning "new soldier”) - were infantry units that were formed by Sultan Murad I from Christian boys from conquered countries in the 14th century and was abolished by Sultan Mahmud II in 1826 KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  36. MAMALUK • MAMLUK : (Turkish: Memlük مملوك (singular, مماليك mamālīk (plural), "owned"; was a soldier of slave origin, often of Turkic ancestry. .Over time, mamluks became a powerful military caste in various Muslim societies. Particularly in Egypt, but also in the Levant, Iraq, and India, mamluks held political and military power. In some cases, they attained the rank of sultan, while in others they held regional power as amirs or beys. Most notably, mamluk factions seized the sultanate for themselves in Egypt and Syria in a period known as the Mamluk Sultanate (1250–1517). The Mamluk Sultanate famously beat back the Mongols at the Battle of AinJalut and fought the Crusaders effectively driving them out from the Levant by 1291 and officially in 1302 ending the era of the Crusades. Mamluk regiments constituted the backbone of the Egyptian military under the Ayyubid Dynasty. Under Saladin ( Mamluk) and the Ayyubids of Egypt, the power of the Mamluks increased until they claimed The sultanate in 1250, ruling as the Mamluk Sultanate KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  37. FREE MASON • Officially, Freemasonry was born in 1717, when 4 Craft Lodges gathered at the Apple Tree Tavern in London, and set up a constitution for Free and Accepted Masons, written by Anderson... but they claim their roots can be traced to Egypt, Syria, Babylon... and the stonecutters of the Solomon Temple, specially "Hiram Abiff" (1R.7, 2Cr.2,4), a celebrated figure because of his death-defying refusal to reveal trade secrets to intruders... the "Jesus Christ" for many Masons... though it is "an irony", because the Temple of Solomon was not built with stones, but with wood, brought by another "Hiram", the King of Tyre (1R.5,9). Infiltrated by Zionist in early 1800s LIBERTY, FRATERNITY, EQUALITYالحرية ، الإخاء، المساواة In Freemasonry, the level is the symbol of equality, not only among members of the Craft, but of all humanity. The fraternity teaches that mankind is the offspring of God, created in His image of one blood. As such, each person is born with certain inalienable rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Nation of Islam (U.S)was so enmeshed with Freemasonry.  Enmeshed is an understatement, the two are basically one and the same.Leader Louis Farrakhan FreeMason akhirnya diinfiltrasi oleh Zionist oleh kerana ramai pemimpin dunia yang telah menjadi ahli Freemason dan memudahkan kerja Zionist KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  38. Islam and Freemasonry Many Islamic arguments are closely tied to both Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism, though other criticisms are made such as linking Freemasonry to Dajjal. Freemasonry promotes the interests of the Jews around the world and that one of its aims is to rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem after destroying the Al-Aqsa Mosque. In article 28 of its Covenant, Hamas states that Freemasonry, Rotary, and other similar groups "work in the interest of Zionism and according to its instructions ...” Many countries with a significant Muslim population do not allow Masonic establishments within their jurisdictions. However, countries such as Turkey and Morocco have established Grand Lodges. In Pakistan in 1972 Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, then Prime Minister of Pakistan, placed a ban on Freemasonry. Masonic lodges existed in Iraq as early as 1919. However the position changed in July 1958 following the Revolution, with the abolition of the Monarchy and Iraq being declared a republic,under General Qasim. The licences permitting lodges to meet were rescinded and later laws were introduced banning This position was later reinforced under Saddam Hussein, the death penalty was "prescribed" for those who "promote or acclaim Zionist principles, including freemasonry, or who associate [themselves] with Zionist organisations.” KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  39. 1.) Pasha or pascha,Basha, (Turkish: paşa) was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to governors, generals and dignitaries. As an honorary title, Pasha, in one of its various ranks, is equivalent to the British title of Lord, and was also one of the highest titles in pre-republican Egypt. There were three ranks of pashas: the first, or highest class, had the privilege of bearing a standard of three horse-tails, the second of two, and the third of one. • Gordon Pasha İsmet Pasha Muhammad Ali Pasha — viceroy of Egypt Mustafa Kemal Pasha • 2.) Wāli was the title in the Ottoman Empire of the most common type of Ottoman governor, in charge of a wilayah, often a military officer such as a pasha • 3.) Ghazi is a title given to Muslim warriors or champions. It may be used out of respect or officially. Many of the Ottoman Sultans and Caliphs wore this title officially may have this title added to their name (Ghazi Saladin) out of respect. • 4.) Bey(Ottoman Turkish: بك, Beg, Beğ) is a title for chieftain, traditionally applied to theleaders of small tribal groups. They are all the same word with the simple meaning of "lord • 5.) Alp is a Turkic term referring for Title of nobles serving in military . In some cases this term could be added to name of real person, such as Almış, Alp Ilutuer, Alp Arslan • 6.) Khan (Mongolian:, khan; Middle Mongolian:, qaγan, Chinese:, hán) is an originally Altaic and subsequently Central Asian title for a sovereign or military ruler, widely used by medieval nomadic Turko-Mongol tribes living to the north of China KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  40. 1.) SALAH SATU TUNTUTAN IMAN YANG SEBENAR – KESETIAAN DAN KETELUSAN Dan sesiapa yang berpalingingkardariingatandanpertunjukKu, makasesungguhnyaadalahbaginyakehidupan yang sempit, danKamiakanhimpunkandiapadaharikiamatdalamkeadaanbuta". Orang-orangkafirYahudidariBaniIsrailtelahdilaknat (didalamKitab-kitabZaburdanInjil) melaluilidahNabiDauddanNabi Isa ibniMaryam. Yang demikianitudisebabkanmerekamenderhakadanselalumenceroboh. Janganlahorang-orang yang berimanmengambilorang- orangkafirmenjaditemanrapatdenganmeninggalkanorang-orang yang beriman. Dan sesiapa yang melakukan (larangan) yang demikianmakatiadalahia (mendapatperlindungan) dari Allah dalamsesuatuapapun, kecualikamuhendakmenjagadiridaripadasesuatubahaya yang ditakutidaripihakmereka (yang kafiritu). Dan Allah perintahkansupayakamuberingat-ingatterhadapkekuasaandiriNya (menyeksakamu). Dan kepada Allah jualahtempatkembali.

  41. 5.) KEMUNCULAN KUMPULAN SESAT • Kumpulan syiah imam 12,Nasiri, Ismaili, Qadiani, Bahaidan Druze • Kesemuamerekasentiasaberpakatdgnmusuhutkmenyerang Islam • NasiridgnMohdAli Pasha menyerang Shams • Qadianidicipta British • Bahaidicipta Russia danYahudi • IsmailidisokongPerancis

  42. HASIL KAJIAN • HASIL KAJIAN : • 1.) Sejarah E.O terdedahkpdperbuatanpembohongan, pemalsuandanpencemarandariYahudi, Kristian, danSekular • 2.) TermasukjugaAhliSejarah Arab danTurki • 3.) KuasaEropahmembiayaihaluanyg anti-khalifahdgnmembantuahlisejarahMesirmengukuhkansemangatperkaumanegalBustani, alYaziji, George Zaidan • 4.) Freemason berjayamenguasaipemikiranFahamanKebangsaandlm Negara Islam Mengikutarahan Freemason berbandingtuntutanbangsamerekasendiriterutama yang dituntut Islam • 5.) AhliSejarahygberusahamencemarnamabaik E.O bertindakmemalsukanfaktasejarah • 6.) BeberapaSejarawanygmempertahankan E.O. egalShanawi E.O- Empayaryg Di Fitnah (3 jld) Dr MuhdHarb-Othmani-SejarahdanBudayadsb • 7.) KaumTurkimemeluk Islam sejakzaman Othman bin Affan.Setelahmemeluk Islam, merekaberkabilahdatangmenyokong E.O. danmenyertai Istana, tenteradanpentadbiran EO

  43. HASIL KAJIAN • 8.) KaumSaljuk (Turki) menyelamatkanKhalifahAbbasiahmenetangBuwehi (Syiah) di Iran danIraq,SaljukdiketuaiTurgulBek • 9.) SelepasituSaljukdipimpin Alp Arsalanygmahirdanberani. Dan diikutiNizam al MulkTusi • 10.) KejatuhanSaljukdisebabkani) campurtanganwanitadalampemerintahan ii.) kelemahanKhalifahAbbasiah iii.) angkaragolonganBatiniygmembunuhSuktan. PemimpinSaljukdanpanglima • 11.) Saljukmemberiimpakbesarkepadasejarah Islam danperkembanganselama 2 kurunegSalahuddin al Ayyubi.

  44. TAMAT : PENGENALAN SEJARAH SULTAN-SULTAN

  45. LEMAH • SULTAN MOHAMAD III • SULTAN MUSTAFA 1 • SULTAN UTHMAN II • SULTAN MUSTAFA 1 • SULTAN MURAD IV • SULTAN IBRAHIM I • SULTAN MUHAMAD IV • SULTAN SULAIMAN II • SULTAN AHMAD II • SULTAN MUSTAFA II • SULTAN AHMAD III • SULTAN MAHMUD I • SULTAN OTHMAN III • SULTAN MUSTAFA III • SULTAN ABDULHAMID I • GAGAH • SULTAN SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI • SULTAN SALIM II • SULTAN MURAD III • SULTAN AHMAD 1 • SULTAN SALIM III • SULTAN MAHMUD II • SULTAN ABDUL MAJID 1 • SULTAN ABDUL AZIZ 1 • SULTAN MURAD V

  46. SEJARAH OTTOMAN • SULTAN YANG GAGAH • SULTAN SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI • SULTAN SALIM II • SULTAN MURAD III KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  47. GAGAH SULTAN SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI ( SSAQ ) PARA HISTORIS – Empayar Othman (E.O) menurunselepas KEMATIAN Sultan Sulaiman Al-Qanuni (SSAQ) (1566 M) -Digelar Al-Qanuni kerana menyusun sistem undang2 kerajaan E.O SSAQ digangguisterinyaRoxelana agar anaknyaSalim II menjadi Sultan Anak SSAQ, Mustafa disenangitenteradanrakyat Akibatkekecohandlm Istana & gangguanRoxelana, berlakupemberontakanbesardiantaratenteraygmenyenangi Mustafa dgn SSAQ SSAQ membunuhanaknya Mustafa & Beyazid & 4 anaknyayg lain -Beliau juga berkawan rapat dengan seorang hamba, Pargal Ibrahim Pasha yang kemudiannya menjadi penasihat & panglima tentera yang paling dipercayai waktu zaman pemerintannya Pargal Ibrahim adalah Christian Greek, dariParga, Greece SetelahdilantiksebagaiNaib Amir (PerdanaMenteri), kuasanyamenjadimutlaksebagaiman Sultan dan menimbulkanmasalah. Ibrahim & SSAQ mampu melebarkanwilayahtermasuk Hungary & Poland KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  48. SULTAN SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI ( SSAQ ) GAGAH • Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha - the boyhood friend of Suleiman Greek Orthodox and when young was educated at the Palace School under the devshirme (*1) system. Suleiman made him the royal falconer, then promoted him to Grand Vizier in 1523 and commander-in-chief of all the armies. Suleiman also conferred upon Ibrahim Pasha granting Ibrahim authority over all Turkish territories in Europe. • Suleiman's two wives had borne him eight sons, four of whom survived past the 1550s. They were Mustafa, Selim, Bayezid, and Jihangir. Of these, only Mustafa was from the elder wife. Yet Mustafa was recognised as the most talented of all the brothers and was supported by Pargalıİbrahim Pasha • Thus in power struggles apparently instigated by Younger wife, Suleiman had Ibrahim murdered and replaced with her sympathetic son-in-law, Rüstem Pasha. By 1552, when the campaign against Persia had begun with Rustem appointed commander-in-chief of the expedition, intrigues against Mustafa began. Rustem sent one of Suleiman's most trusted men to report that since Suleiman was not at the head of the army, the soldiers thought the time had come to put a younger prince on the throne; at the same time he spread rumors that Mustafa had proved receptive to the idea. Angered by what he came to believe were Mustafa's plans to claim the throne,Suleiman's slaves attacked Mustafa, hurled Mustafa to the ground and, throwing the bowstring round his neck, strangled him." KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  49. “Akulahhamba Allah dan Sultan diduniaini. Dengankurniaan Allah juaakumenjadipemerintahummat Muhammad keseluruhannya. Kebesaran Allah danmukjizatNabi Muhammad (Al-Quran) adalahsahabatsetiaku. AkulahSulaiman yang sentiasanamanyadisebut-sebutdalamkhutbah-khutbahdiMakkahdanMadinah. Aku “Shah” kepada Baghdad, “Caesar” kepada Byzantine, “Sultan” kepadaMesir, yang menghantar armada lautkelautanEropah, Maghribidan India. Akulah Sultan yang telahmengambilmahkotadantakhta Hungary danmenyerahkannyakepadahambaTuhan yang merendahdiri. VoivodaPetruRareshmengangkatkepalanyamemberontakkeatasku, tetapitelapak kaki kudakutelahmemijaknyatenggelammenjadidebu. Akujugalah yang telahmenawantanah Moldavia”. (Deklarasi Bender, 1536 Masihi) Sulaymen al Qanooni KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

  50. PENGAJARAN DARI SULTAN SULAIMAN AL-QANUNI ( SSAQ ) GAGAH • Sultan seorgygberilmu , berwibawa, tegas • Penasihatmemainkanperananpentingdlmmemastikanketenteramandankemajuansesebuahnegara - PargaliBasha – adikiparnyadanjuga convert Kristiandandiberikepercayaan yang banyakterlaluawal…. KEJATUHAN EMPAYAR OTHMAN

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