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Intermission: Plate Tectonics

Intermission: Plate Tectonics. National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration/National Geophysical Data Center. Alfred Wegener. Evidence: (1) Continents Fit Together. Evidence: (2) Rocks & Structures Match Up. Evidence: (3) Glacial Features. Evidence: (4) Fossils. Pangea. Animation Link.

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Intermission: Plate Tectonics

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  1. Intermission:Plate Tectonics

  2. National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration/National Geophysical Data Center

  3. AlfredWegener

  4. Evidence:(1) Continents Fit Together

  5. Evidence:(2) Rocks & Structures Match Up

  6. Evidence: (3) Glacial Features

  7. Evidence: (4) Fossils

  8. Pangea

  9. Animation Link

  10. “If we are to believe Wegener’s Hypothesis, we must forget everything which has been learned in the last 70 years and start over again.”–Critic of Continental Drift in 1928

  11. HarryHess

  12. Evidence: Seafloor

  13. Seafloor Spreading

  14. Seafloor Age

  15. Seafloor Age

  16. Plate Tectonics

  17. Basic Plate Tectonics • Earth’s “surface” (lithosphere) is broken into plates • Plates move on asthenosphere • “Geology happens” where the plates interact with one another

  18. What do we mean by the Outer Part of the Earth?

  19. Three Layers:Based on Composition

  20. Crustal Properties

  21. Five Layers:Based on Physical Properties

  22. Part #1of Plate Tectonics Definition Earth’s “surface” is broken into rigid plates Surface = Lithosphere (includes Continental Lithosphere and Oceanic Lithosphere)

  23. Part #2of Plate Tectonics Definition Plates move… …on the “plastic” Asthenosphere …at about 1-10 cm/yr

  24. Part #3of Plate Tectonics Definition “Geology happens” where the plates interact with one another

  25. Earthquake Distribution

  26. Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics

  27. Part #3of Plate Tectonics Definition “Geology happens” where the plates interact with one another How do they interact? Pull Apart from one another (Diverge)(New rock is formed) Push into one another (Converge)(Rock is destroyed) Slide past one another(Rock is conserved)

  28. Divergent Boundary Results in the formation of Oceanic Crust

  29. Examples:

  30. Transform Boundary

  31. Transform Example

  32. San Andreas Fault

  33. Convergent Boundary: Subduction Melting Produces More Felsic Magma Results in the formation & growth of Continental Crustand destruction of Oceanic Crust

  34. Example:Pacific Northwest

  35. Example:Andes Mountains

  36. Convergent Boundary: Collision Results in the growth of Continental Crust

  37. Basic Plate Tectonics - Revised • Earth’s lithosphere is broken into 12-24 rigid plates • Plates move about 1-10 cm/yr on the plastic Asthenosphere • “Geology happens” where the plates interact with one another along Divergent, Transform, Subduction and Collisional Boundaries

  38. What Drives Plate Tectonics? Internal Heat

  39. Convection Models

  40. Set the “Wayback Machine” to return to the Hadean… Return to Hadean ppt

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