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ID Tips for Fish Families and Species

ID Tips for Fish Families and Species. Replace Redbelly Dace with Mountain Redbelly Dace on your species list Change spelling of Rosy-sided Dace to Rosyside Dace. Sea lamprey. Least brook lamprey. Family Petromyzontidae. Our only Family in Class Agnatha and Order Petromyzontiformes

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ID Tips for Fish Families and Species

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  1. ID Tips for Fish Families and Species

  2. Replace Redbelly Dace with Mountain Redbelly Dace on your species listChange spelling of Rosy-sided Dace to Rosyside Dace

  3. Sea lamprey Least brook lamprey Family Petromyzontidae • Our only Family in Class Agnatha and Order Petromyzontiformes • Jawless, no paired fins, gill slits • Eel-like • Sea lamprey is larger; many teeth on oral disk • Least brook lamprey is smaller; with few teeth on oral disk • Similar species: American eel has same general shape but has jaws, operculum, paired fins

  4. Order Acipenseriformes • Family Acipenseridae • Lake Sturgeon • Heterocercal tail • Barbels • Large scutes on body • Ventral mouth

  5. Order Acipenseriformes • Family Polyodontidae • Paddlefish • Long, paddle-like snout • Very few scales • Pointed flap at end of operculum • No teeth • Similar species: Longnose gar is covered with ganoid scales; has many teeth

  6. Order Lepisosteiformes • Family Lepisosteidae • Longnose Gar • Dorsal, anal fins near tail • Beak-like snout with many teeth • Ganoid scales

  7. Order Anguilliformes • Family Anguillidae • American Eel • Long, snake-like body • Dorsal and anal fins connected to tail • Similar species: lampreys lack pectoral fins, jaws, operculum

  8. Rainbow Order Salmoniformes Brook • Family Salmonidae • All have an adipose fin • Rainbow Trout • Dark spots on light body, extend onto slightly forked tail • Brook Trout • Blue halos around pink or red spots; light wavy lines or blotches on back and dorsal fin • Brown Trout • Both black and red spots on body; many spots on operculum • Lake Trout • Tail deeply forked when compared to other 3 sp.; creamy or yellow spots on head, body, dorsal, and caudal fins Brown Lake

  9. Order Siluriformes Channel Catfish • Family Ictaluridae • Scaleless, barbels, adipose fin, spine on dorsal fin • Channel Catfish • Deeply forked tail; rounded anal fin; often has dark spots on body • Blue Catfish • Forked tail; anal fin straight-edged; no dark spots on body Blue Catfish

  10. Order Siluriformes • Family Ictaluridae • Yellow Bullhead • Yellow barbels on chin; tail not forked • Flathead Catfish • Wide, flat head • Projecting lower jaw • Tail not forked • Whitish tip on upper lobe of caudal fin Yellow Bullhead Flathead Catfish

  11. Order Siluriformes • Family Ictaluridae • Madtom adipose and caudal fins are connected (or nearly so) • Margined Madtom • Dark fin margins • Brindled Madtom • Generally speckled appearance • Top of dorsal fin is dark • Dark band extends to edge of adipose fin • Stonecat • No dark bands or darkened fin margins Margined Madtom Brindled Madtom Stonecat

  12. Order Esociformes Chain Pickeral • Family Esocidae • Streamlined bodies; forked tails; duck-like, toothed snouts; dorsal and anal fins far back on body • Chain Pickeral • Chain-like body markings; fully-scaled cheek and operculum • Northern Pike • Light, bean-shaped spots; fully-scaled cheek, partly-scaled operculum • Muskellunge • Dark splotches or bars on light body; partly scaled operculum and cheek • Similar species: LN Gar has longer snout, unforked tail N. Pike Musk.

  13. Order Cypriniformes • Family Cyprinidae • Very diverse family • Most are small (< 15 cm), but can get larger • Largest sp is Colorado Pikeminnow • Have only one dorsal fin; abdominal pelvic fins

  14. Order Cypriniformes Tubercles C. Stoneroller • Family Cyprinidae • Central Stoneroller • Cartilagenous ridge on lower jaw; often has tubercles • Common Carp • Large; has two barbels on each side of upper jaw • Bluntnose Minnow • Blunt snout; dark stripe along body; dark spot at caudal fin base C. Carp B. Minnow C. Stoneroller

  15. Order Cypriniformes Rosyside • Family Cyprinidae • Daces usually have small scales • Rosyside Dace • Large, upturned mouth; dark line on side that is broken or unconnected • Mt. Redbelly Dace • Stripe breaks below dorsal fin; row of large black spots along back, side • Blacknose Dace • Black stripe on side extends through eye onto snout; longish snout; black-brown specks on back and side Mt. Redbelly Blacknose

  16. Order Cyprinformes Northern Hogsucker • Family Catostomidae • Thick lips, suctorial mouth • Northern Hogsucker • Saddles; flattened head • White Sucker • Nearly round in cross-section; scales increase in size from anterior to posterior White Sucker

  17. Order Percopsiformes • Family Percopsidae • Trout-perch • Head large in proportion to body; adipose fin; black spots along back and side

  18. Order Atheriniformes • Family Fundulidae • Change family name from Cyprinodontidae • Banded Killifish • Large eyes; flattened head and back; dorsal fin placed far back on body; green-brown bars (10 – 20) along silver side

  19. Order Perciformes • Family Percichthyidae (or Moronidae) • Striped Bass • Continuous dark stripes on silver-white side • Similar species: superficially similar to other “basses” in Centrarchidae, but stripes make it easily distinguishable

  20. Order Perciformes • Family Centrarchidae • Two dorsal fins; often broadly joined • First dorsal fin spiny; 2nd soft • Pelvic fins far forward • Body usually laterally compressed Pumpkinseed Bl. Crappie L.M. Bass

  21. Order Perciformes • Family Centrarchidae • Note position of upper jaw in relation to eye • Largemouth Bass • 1st and 2nd dorsals almost unconnected • Smallmouth Bass • Often has vertical bars • Usually no black lateral band • Spotted Bass • Rows of black spots on lower side • 1st and 2nd dorsals more broadly connected than largemouth LM SM Spotted

  22. Redbreast Order Perciformes; Family Centrarchidae Note operculum shape and markings, Degree of compression, Fin markings, Dorsal fin attachment, Size of mouth Green Warmouth Longear Bluegill Pumpkinseed

  23. Order Perciformes; Family Centrarchidae

  24. Order Perciformes; Family Centrarchidae

  25. Order Perciformes • Family Percidae • Johnny Darter • Xs and/or Ws on side; blunt snout; black eye stripe extends to lip • Fantail Darter • Dark striping on side; tesselated tail • Logperch • Long snout; alternating long and short vertical bars on sides; dusky teardrop Johnny Fantail Logperch

  26. Order Perciformes • Family Percidae • May be more similar in color than plates indicate • Sauger • Half-moons on dorsal fin • Walleye • Dark spot on posterior of first dorsal fin

  27. Order Scorpaeniformes • Family Cottidae • Members of this family have large mouth, large fan-like pectoral fins, and few or no scales • Mottled Sculpin • Pectoral fins distinguish this species from others on list • Note dark mottling on a lighter body

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