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WORLD CONFERENCE on DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2015 Sendai JAPAN

WORLD CONFERENCE on DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2015 Sendai JAPAN Drought; Crucial Disaster in Sub-Saharan Africa and Community Managed DRR Approach （ CMDRR). Junichi Hanai Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). 2010/2011 Drought in the Horn on Africa

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WORLD CONFERENCE on DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2015 Sendai JAPAN

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  1. WORLD CONFERENCE on DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2015 Sendai JAPAN Drought; Crucial Disaster in Sub-Saharan Africa and Community Managed DRR Approach（CMDRR) Junichi Hanai Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

  2. 2010/2011 Drought in the Horn on Africa • Ending Drought Emergency in HOA～Resilience through Synergy between humanitarian Relief and Development～ • Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR) approach in the Project for Enhancing Community Resilience Against Drought in Northern Kenya (ECoRAD)

  3. 2010/2011 Drought in the Horn of Africa

  4. 2010/2011 Drought in Kenya 3.5 million of cattle and 2.5 million of goats were dead. The damage & losses of 2008-2011 drought in Kenya have been estimated at USD 12.1 billion. More than 3.7 million people in ASALs have been affected.

  5. 2010/2011 Drought in HOA • More than 13 million people were in urgent need of humanitarian aid, requiring not only food assistance, but nutrition, health, water and sanitation, as well as agriculture and livelihood interventions.

  6. Pastoralists in Northern Kenya MarsabitCounty Area: 70,961.3 Km 2 Population: 291,166 Pastoralist community: Boran, Gabra, Rendille Turkana County Area: 68,680.3 Km 2 Population: 855,399 Pastoralist community: Turkana Garissa County Area: 44,175 Km 2 Population: 623,060 Pastoralist community: Somali

  7. Ending Drought Emergency～Resilience through Synergy between humanitarian Relief and Development～

  8. Humanitarian Relief for the Droughts in HOA UN OCHA Financial Tracking Service • Humanitarian interventions failed to reduce the number of people who suffer from the occurrence of droughts and the costs associated with the attempts.

  9. Nairobi strategy • The Government of Kenya convened “Summit on the Horn of Africa Crisis” in September 2011 and compiled “Nairobi Strategy” which aims at ending drought emergencies through building sustainable livelihood in the Horn of Africa”. • Importance of the coordination among governments in HOA and donor partners, seamless transition from humanitarian relief to development aid,and enhancement of resilience were recognized important.

  10. from Humanitarian Relief to Development Volume of intervention Development Disaster Risk Reduction Humanitarian Relief Year 2022 2012

  11. Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction (CMDRR) approach in the Project for Enhancing Community Resilience Against Drought in Northern Kenya (ECoRAD)

  12. Project Area Capital City National Boundary County Boundary Project Area Africa Kenya Sudan Ethiopia Turkana Lodwar Marsabit Marsabit Uganda Somalia

  13. Risk Identification / Planning of theCommunity based Activities • Establishmentof the Disaster Management Committees • Prioritization of the risks identified bythe community Formulation of Community Action Plan (CAP)

  14. CMDRR Workshop

  15. CMDRR Workshop Resource Map Hazard Map Community Action Plan

  16. Major Risk for Pastoral Communities: Difficult access to water and pasture Losses of livestock

  17. Sustainable Resource Management through Strategic Water Resources Development 2 3 1 3 4 5 HOME Village 1st Grazing Area 2nd Grazing Area 3rd Grazing Area 1 6 NO More Grazing Area!! 4 Grazing Area 4th Grazing Area 2 New Development of Water Resource Grazing Area

  18. Water Facilities in Marsabit Water Pan Water Pan Water Pan Water Pipeline Water Pan Rock Catchment Water Pan

  19. Present Conditions just after rainy season at water pans

  20. Operation and Maintenance of Water Pan by Community A community meeting for pasture management and pan use Desilting works Herders Desilt and Collect Dung from the Watering Point Water Management: Use of twigs to form a barrier to control livestock during watering. This traditional Borana method is known as ‘meer’

  21. Advantage of CMDRR approach • Communities understand/assess the disaster risksby themselves. • Indigenous knowledge can be utilized in planning/implementation. • Ownership can be enhanced to realize sustainable operation and maintenance of facilities

  22. LESSONS LEARNED FROM ECORAD PROJECT Scientific Technology + Indigenous Approach Water Resources Potential Map Rangeland Resource / Pasture = + Borehole Drilling Sites

  23. Thank you.Arigatogozaimashita. We can not end “the occurrence of drought”. But, we can end “the drought emergencies”.

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