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Stress

Stress. What is it? Sources of stress Consequences of stress Coping with stress. What is Stress?. “A physiological and emotional response to stimuli ( stressors ) that place physical or psychological demands on an individual” The response: Discomfort Anxiety Feelings of being overwhelmed

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Stress

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  1. Stress • What is it? • Sources of stress • Consequences of stress • Coping with stress

  2. What is Stress? • “A physiological and emotional response to stimuli (stressors) that place physical or psychological demands on an individual” • The response: • Discomfort • Anxiety • Feelings of being overwhelmed • Physical effects • Withdrawal

  3. General Adaptation Syndrome Stage 1 Alarm Stage 2 Resistance Stage 3 Exhaustion Normal level of resistance Response to stressful event

  4. Sources of Stress • Personal characteristics and circumstances • Physical and task demands • Role characteristics

  5. Personal Characteristics • Type A vs. Type B • Type A = competitive, impatient, aggressive • Type B = more relaxed, balanced • Type A associated with higher levels of stress-related illness • Personal events • Changes in family circumstances • Economic pressures • Availability of support

  6. Physical and Task Demands • Physical demands of work • Noise, heat, dust • Too little privacy • Repetitive movements • Task demands • Serious consequences of decisions • Incomplete information • Nonprogrammed decisions

  7. Role Characteristics • Role overload • Too much to do • Role ambiguity • Uncertainty about what to do • Role conflict • Incompatible demands

  8. Consequences of Stress Emotional exhaustion leading to negative responses to others and eventual withdrawal • Emotional consequences • Irritability • Violent reactions • Burnout • Physical consequences • Sleep disturbances (too much or too little) • Headaches • Ulcers • High blood pressure / heart disease • Reduced resistance

  9. Reducing Stress • Redesign jobs or the workplace • Provide information • Reduce task demands • Reduce role ambiguity • Reduce commitments No

  10. Managing Stress • Social support • Family • Friends • Support groups • Calming activities • Yoga, meditation or prayer • Exercise • Unhealthy coping mechanisms • Food • Alcohol or medications

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