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National Innovation Systems in Perspective: The Performance of the Portuguese NIS Manuel Mira Godinho (ISEG/Technical Un

National Innovation Systems in Perspective: The Performance of the Portuguese NIS Manuel Mira Godinho (ISEG/Technical University of Lisbon and CISEP) Paper presented to «The Network Society and the Knowledge Economy: Portugal in the Global Context»

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National Innovation Systems in Perspective: The Performance of the Portuguese NIS Manuel Mira Godinho (ISEG/Technical Un

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  1. National Innovation Systems in Perspective: The Performance of the Portuguese NIS Manuel Mira Godinho (ISEG/Technical University of Lisbon and CISEP) Paper presented to «The Network Society and the Knowledge Economy: Portugal in the Global Context» Seminar promoted by His Excellence The President of the Portuguese Republic Lisbon, 5-6 March 2005

  2. Structure of the presentation: • NIS: The Concept • Analytical Framework • Framework deployment • The Portuguese NIS • Concluding Remarks

  3. 1. National Innovation Systems (the NIS concept) • Diversity of actors • Links and communication • Density of interactions • Production and distribution of knowledge • Other resources (labour, finance…) • Learning dynamics • History and previous conditions • Institutions

  4. 2. The Analytical Framework • 4 groups of factors • 8 dimensions • 29 variables • 69 countries

  5. 4 groups of factors and 8 dimensions • Preconditions 1.1. market conditions 1.2. institutional conditions 2. System Inputs 2.1 intangible and tangible investments 2.2. basic and applied knowledge 3. Structural organization 3.1. economic structure 3.2. external communication 4. System outputs 4.1. diffusion 4.2. innovation

  6. 8 dimensions 29 indicators

  7. 8 dimensions 29 indicators

  8. 69 Countries • Developed, emerging and developing economies • Countries with > 20 million inhabitants • Overall: 87.4% of the world population

  9. 3. Framework deployment • Aggregation procedure • Mapping and map analysis • NIS Ranking • Cluster analysis • NISs taxanomy

  10. Aggregation procedure • Between 2 and 6 indicators per dimension • Weight of each indicator: 1; 0,5 • Standardisation of indicators • In each dimension  0 value ≈ sample mean

  11. Mapping… … and benchmarking

  12. Analysis: NIS “evenness” etc.

  13. NIS ranking

  14. Cluster analysis Object of the analysis • 69 countries X 8 NIS dimensions Results’ interpretation led to a three-level structure • 1st level  2 “Mega-clusters” • 2nd level  6 “Clusters” • 3rd level  15 “Sub-clusters”

  15. 1st and 2nd level Groups

  16. 3rd level (a)

  17. 3rd level (b)

  18. Sub-cluster 2.2.2

  19. NIS taxonomy Contingency factors • Innovation vs. diffusion • Country Size • Geography and natural endowments

  20. NIS taxonomy (1)

  21. NIS taxonomy (2)

  22. 4. The Portuguese NIS... …somewhere in-between • Market • Institutions • Investment • Knowledge • Structure • Openness • Diffusion • Innovatio

  23. …and NIS neighbours

  24. Evolution of the Portuguese NIS 1996-2000-2004 • Market • Institutions • Investment • Knowledge • Structure • Openness • Diffusion • Innovatio

  25. Portuguese NIS: Recent evolution of the “Knowledge” dimension (#4)

  26. Portuguese NIS: Recent evolution of the “Diffusion” dimension (#7)

  27. Concluding Remarks • NIS Dualism • Stronger aspects • (+) Investment • (+) Diffusion • (+) Knowledge

  28. Concluding Remarks Weaker aspects (-) Structure (-) Openness (-) Institutions

  29. Concluding Remarks “Frontier” sub-cluster Further catching up? Or falling behind? Need of adaptation:  Economic structure  FDI, links abroad  Innovation (IPR…)

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