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Chemistry Chapter 1

Chemistry Chapter 1. Matter and Change. I. What is Chem. *Chem: *Chemical: *Quantitative: *Qualitative:. -Branches of Chem: 1. Organic 2. Inorganic 3. Physical 4. Biochemistry 5. Analytical Chem. -Scientific Method 1. State the Problem 2. Gather Information

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Chemistry Chapter 1

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  1. Chemistry Chapter 1 Matter and Change

  2. I. What is Chem *Chem: *Chemical: *Quantitative: *Qualitative:

  3. -Branches of Chem: 1. Organic 2. Inorganic 3. Physical 4. Biochemistry 5. Analytical Chem

  4. -Scientific Method 1. State the Problem 2. Gather Information 3. Form a hypothesis 4. Test the hypothesis 5. Record and Analyze Results 6. Conclusion

  5. -Sci. Method: *Hypoth: *Law: *Theory:

  6. II. Matter and Its Properties -Matter: has mass & occ space 1. Occupy space 2. Experience inertia *Inertia: resist change

  7. *weight: (mass)(gravity) *mass: amount of matter *Law of Conservation of Mass

  8. -NRG *ability to do work *ability to create a force over a distance some time in the future ~Chem deals mostly with 1. Thermal 2. Radiant 3. Electric

  9. *kinetic nrg= (.5)(m)(v)2 nrg of motion *potential nrg= (m)(g)(h) nrg do to position

  10. -Law of Conservation of NRG (1st) -States of Matter 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas 4. Plasma **See Website Ex’s** http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html

  11. -Properties & Changes *can be used to classify subst 1. Physical: observ or measure without alter ident of the material. ex: color 2. Chemical: change that alters ident ex: burn wood, rust iron

  12. *Chem Rxn: pg13 *Reactans yields Products A + B ----> AB *Exother: acid + HOH -->heat + ??? *Endother: ice + heat ---> HOH

  13. Indicators of Chem Rxn’s 1. Produce heat & light 2. Produce gas 3. Produce precipitate **K Demo** *precip.: solid formed from a solution

  14. III. Classification of Matter -Mixture *Heterogeneous: pg 16 ex: veg. soup, clay + water *Homogeneous / Solutions: pg16 ex: air, salt HOH

  15. *Homogeneous / Solutions: pg16 ex: air, salt HOH ~components of any mixture can be separated from each other by physical methods

  16. -Pure Substances 1. Same property 2. Same composition 3. Can not be separated without changing the ident ex: electrolysis

  17. *element: ex: K, Pb *chem. Cmpnd:ex: HOH, sugar *Law of Definite Composition: ex: CH4 C=75% H=25%

  18. IV. Chemical Elements *Groups: vert *Periods: horz -Symbols:

  19. -Types of Elements (pg21) 1. Metals: 2. Nonmetals: 3. Metalloids: 4. Noble Gas:

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