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THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE AT ALTITUDE

THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE AT ALTITUDE. Anonymous Research Methods 27 Jul 04. PRIOR RESEARCH Vitamin as an Ergogenic Aid. Cureton (1954): wheat germ oil with E increased time to exhaustion both running and biking. PRIOR RESEARCH Vitamin as an Ergogenic Aid.

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THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE AT ALTITUDE

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  1. THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN E SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE AT ALTITUDE Anonymous Research Methods 27 Jul 04

  2. PRIOR RESEARCHVitamin as an Ergogenic Aid • Cureton (1954): wheat germ oil with E increased time to exhaustion both running and biking

  3. PRIOR RESEARCHVitamin as an Ergogenic Aid • Effect Debunked in 1970s: • Shepard et al (1974) • Watt et al (1974) • Lawrence et al (1975) • Sharman et al (1976) • Confirmation of lack of effect in 1990s: • Rokitzki et al (1994) • Nielsen et al (1999)

  4. PRIOR RESEARCHVitamin as an Ergogenic Aid atAltitude • Kobayashi (1974): vitamin E (1200 IU/d for 6 wk) group showed a significantly increased aerobic work capacity at altitudes of 1525 meters (by 8.9%) and 4570 meters (by 14.2%)

  5. PRIOR RESEARCHVitamin as an Ergogenic Aid atAltitude • Kobayashi (1974):vitamin E (1200 IU/d for 6 wk) group showed a significantly increased aerobic work capacity at altitudes of 1525 meters (by 8.9%) and 4570 meters (by 14.2%) • Simon-Schnass and Pabst (1988): mountain climbers taking vitamin E (400 mg/d for 10 wks) demonstrated higher lactate thresholds than control group

  6. CURRENT RESEARCH • Focus on antioxidant properties: • Decreased Muscle Damage • Decreased Lipid Peroxidation • Decreased LDL Oxidation • Prevent, delay, and/or ease AMS • No recent studies on acuteperformance

  7. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to determine whether 30 days of moderate Vitamin E supplementation will improve exercise performance at altitude.

  8. RATIONALE • Military Applications • Infantry/Artillery/etc. • Fighter Pilots • Athletic Applications • Adventure Racers • Cyclists • Runners • Mountaineers

  9. HYPOTHESES 1. Fit males who ingest 800 IU/d of Vitamin E for 30 d (E) will exhibit higher VO2max scores at 3500m than a control group (C) 2. E will have a higher LT than C at 3500 m 3. E will have higher SaO2 than C at 3500m 4. E will produce 400 kJ of work more quickly than C at 3500m

  10. METHODOLOGY • Trial 1: @ GL • VO2max • Lactate Threshold (LT) • Anthropometrics • Trial 2: @ 3500m • VO2max, LT • SpO2 • Trial 3: @ 3500m • Time to produce 400 kJ

  11. METHODOLOGY • Intervention 1: • E (n=9): 800 IU vitamin E for 30 d • C (n=9): placebo for 30 d • Repeat Trials 2 and 3 • VO2 max, LT, SpO2 • Time to produce 400 kJ • Intervention 2: • Subjects switch groups for 30 d • Repeat Trials 2 and 3

  12. VARIABLES • Independent Variables: • Vitamin E • Altitude • Dependant Variables • VO2max, LT, SaO2, • Time to 400 kJ, Rate of Perceived Exertion • Plasma -tocopherol

  13. STATISTICSDVs = VO2max, LT, SaO2 IV1 = Supplement Two-Way Analysis of Variance (Repeated Measures)

  14. STATISTICSDVs = Time to 400 kJ, [-tocopherol] IV1 = Supplement One-Way Analysis of Variance (Repeated Measures)

  15. POWER • For Power = 0.8, n  17 • Meaningful Difference = 10% • VO2max @ 3500 m: 50 – 45 = 5 (in ml/kg/min) SD ~ 5 (from Kobayashi) d = 5/5 = 1

  16. LIMITATIONS • Logistics: • 18 Subjects x 7 Trials • Altitude Chamber • Subject Compliance • Subject Nutrition • Lack of Previous Research • Family-wise Error?

  17. ANTICIPATED FINDINGS 1. Fit males who ingest 800 IU/d of Vitamin E for 30 d (E) will exhibit higher VO2max scores at 3500m than a control group (C) 2. E will have a higher LT than C at 3500 m 3. E will have higher SpO2 than C at 3500m 4. E will produce 400 kJ of work more quickly than C at 3500m

  18. REFERENCES • Cureton TK. Effect of wheat germ oil and vitamin E on normal human subjects in physical training programs [abstract]. Am JPhysiol. 179: 628, 1954. • Kobayashi Y. Effect of vitamin E on aerobic work performance in man during acute exposure to hypoxic hypoxia [dissertation]. Albuquerque (NM): University of New Mexico, 1974. • Shephard RJ. Vitamin E and athletic performance. J Sports Med. 23: 461-70, 1983. • Simon-Schnass I, Pabst H. Influence of vitamin E on physical performance. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 58: 49-54, 1988. • Takanami Y, Iwane H, Kawai Y, Shimomitsu T. Vitamin E supplementation and endurance exercise: are there benefits? Sports Med. 29(2):73-83, 2000.

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