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THE U.S. MOBILIZES FOR WWI

The U.S. faces logistical, economic, and social challenges as it transitions to a wartime economy during WWI. From retooling industries for military production to mobilizing the public through campaigns and the draft, the nation must overcome various obstacles to prepare for war. Issues such as supplying war materials, gathering resources, raising an army through selective service, and financing the war effort through taxes and Liberty Bonds are key aspects tackled during this period. Anti-American activities are met with strict laws like the Espionage Act and Sedition Act to maintain national unity. The U.S. must effectively navigate these obstacles to support its troops and allies during the conflict.

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THE U.S. MOBILIZES FOR WWI

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  1. THE U.S. MOBILIZES FOR WWI mobilization means to prepare for war

  2. What kind of problems would the U.S. have in preparing for war? • SUPPLIES The U.S. goes from a peace-time to a war-time economy. (Retooled industries to make materials needed for war.) Some examples: * Car mfg. start to make jeeps and tanks * Clothes mfg. start to make uniforms * Piano mfg. start to make airplanes * Women replace men in factories

  3. WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD TOLD FACTORIES WHAT WAR SUPPLIES TO MAKE

  4. WOMEN REPLACED MEN IN FACTORIES BECAUSE THE MEN WENT OFF TO FIGHT IN THE WAR.

  5. 2. Gathering Supplies FOOD CONSERVATION AMERICANS WERE ASKED TO CONVERSE MEAT AND WHEAT PEOPLE WERE ASKED TO GROW THEIR OWN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES IN “VICTORY GARDENS”. FARMERS USED ALL THEIR LAND FROM “FENCE TO FENCE” FOOD. FOOD PRODUCTION WENT UP. It was important to conserve food so that the troops and Allies has enough to eat.

  6. 3. Raising An Army • SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT Also known as a DRAFT ( The government chooses YOU for the military. • Every male between the ages of 18-45 were required to register for the draft. • Before the war the U.S. had 200,000 men in the military. • During the war there were 24 million men in the military of which 4.7 million served.

  7. 4. RAISING MONEY • War is expensive. IT REQUIRES FUNDING. • HOW? • RAISE TAXES • LIBERTY BONDS AND VICTORY BONDS • THE U.S. GOVERNMENT BORROWED MONEY FROM PEOPLE AND WOULD PAY THEM BACK LATER WITH INTEREST.

  8. To Get Americans to Buy Into The War: • COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC INFORMATION: • FILLED NEWSPAPERS WITH STORIES ABOUT THE GOOD SIDE OF WAR. • HAD FAMOUS PEOPLE SELL BONDS AT PARTIES CALLED BOND DRIVES. • HAD SONGWRITERS WRITE PATRIOTIC SONGS. • SENT SPEAKERS TO SCHOOLS, CHURCHES AND CLUBS TO RECRUIT AND PUMP THE PUBLIC UP TO SUPPORT THE WAR EFFORT.

  9. Anti-American Activities Were Punished • ESPIONAGE ACT: Kept Americans from doing anything against the war. (Putting people in jail or fining them for spying or sabotage or not going along with the draft.) • SEDITION ACT:Kept Americans for saying anything against the war by putting them in jail. (Speeches in public or even saying anything in private could get a person in trouble.

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