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Infinitives

Infinitives. Latin II Chapter VI. Definition. Infinitives are the “to” form of the verb The form you are most familiar with is the second principal part, in other words, the present active infinitive. Formation. Present Perfect Future. Active. Passive. 2 nd pp – final “e” + i.

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Infinitives

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  1. Infinitives Latin II Chapter VI

  2. Definition Infinitives are the “to” form of the verb The form you are most familiar with is the second principal part, in other words, the present active infinitive

  3. Formation Present Perfect Future Active Passive 2nd pp – final “e” + i 2nd pp (3rd + 3rd-io drop “ere”) “to x” “to be x-ed” 4th pp + esse 3rd p.p. + sse “to have been x-ed” “to have x-ed” [so rare don’t even 4th pp - us +urus, a, um + esse “to be about to x” worry about it]

  4. Third Conjugation Verbs • Be careful when forming the present passive infinitive for 3rd and 3rd -io conjugation verbs: • drop the entire infinitive ending (ere) • add -i

  5. Present Active Infinitive • 2nd pp • to “x” • servo, servare • to keep

  6. Present Passive Infinitive • 2nd pp – “e” + “i” • to be “x-ed” • servari • to be kept

  7. Present Passive Infinitive 3rd/3rd-io • 2nd pp – “ere” + “i” • to be “x-ed” • capio, capere • capi • to be taken

  8. Perfect Active Infinitive • 3rd pp + sse “to have x-ed” • servavisse • to have kept

  9. Perfect Passive Infinitive • 4th pp + esse (two words!!!) “to have been x-ed” • servatus esse • to have been kept

  10. Future Active Infinitive • 4th pp – us + urus + esse (two words!!!) “to be about to x” • servaturus esse • to be about to keep

  11. Infinitive Uses • indicate the time of the action in relation to the main verb • present infinitive indicates the action is going on at the same time as the verb • future infinitive indicates the action will happen after the verb • perfect infinitive indicates that the action happened before the verb

  12. ANY QUESTIONS? PRESENT ACTIVE PERFECT ACTIVE Perfect Passive FUTURE ACTIVE PRESENT PASSIVE

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