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Instrumental music. Largely improvised Categories: Soft (stringed instruments) Vielle Loud (wind instruments) Shawm (ancestor of modern oboe) Sackbut (ancestor of modern trombone Also had percussion and organs. Instrumental Music. Royal estampie #4 (listening guide 6)
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Instrumental music • Largely improvised • Categories: • Soft (stringed instruments) • Vielle • Loud (wind instruments) • Shawm (ancestor of modern oboe) • Sackbut (ancestor of modern trombone • Also had percussion and organs
Instrumental Music • Royal estampie #4 (listening guide 6) • Originally monophonic, new parts added in this recording (mainly a drone). • Open and closed endings
Guillaume de Machaut • Reméde de Fortune • Dit(story) • Here with added music and illustrations that are integral to the plot • Story: Lover’s love for a lady, what he learns from this about Hope and Fortune (who are personified characters)
Renaissance (1450-1600) • Age of Humanism (secular influence) • Rediscovery of ancient Greek writings • New emphasis on reason and scientific inquiry • Introduction of music printing (first print 1501) made music more widely available • Rise of merchant (middle class) with amateur musicians
Renaissance • New innovations in painting, realism, simultaneous depiction of a scene.
Sacred Genres of the Renaissance (1450-1600) • MOTET • Ave Maria … Virgo serena by Josquin Deprez • MASS • Pope Marcellus Mass (Gloria) by Giovanni Palestrina
Josquin, Ave Maria… Virgo serena • Textures • continuous imitation • polyphony • smooth because all voices have the same rhythm • canon • also a sign of compositional excellence • passages of homophonic writing • to bring out the text-- as a type of musical rhetoric • at the personal prayer-- “Remember ME”
RENAISSANCE MASS • concentration on the Ordinary • (texts do not change) • Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei • Secular Influences • using non-religious songs as a cantus firmus (a preexistent tune -- like chant in a motet or organum)