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Respiratory System

Respiratory System. Functions of the Respiratory System. Bring oxygen from the air into the bodyfor delivery by the blood to the cells Carbon dioxide carried back to the lungs by the blood system is expelled into the air. Flow air past the larynx to make speech possible.

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System

  2. Functions of the Respiratory System • Bring oxygen from the air into the bodyfor delivery by the blood to the cells • Carbon dioxide carried back to the lungs by the blood system is expelled into the air. • Flow air past the larynx to make speech possible.

  3. Respiratory Structures

  4. Lung Position

  5. Upper RespiratoryNose, Tonsils,Sinuses

  6. Structures of the Respiratory SystemUpper Respiratory System • Nose • Mouth • Pharynx • Epiglottis • Larynx • Trachea

  7. Structures of the Respiratory SystemLower Respiratory System • Bronchial tree • lungs

  8. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 1.Nose -air enters the nose via the nares -nose divided by nasal septum 2. Nasal cavity - lined with mucous membranes -mucous which helps moisten, war, filter air -cillia to filter air

  9. Olfactory Receptors

  10. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries • 3. Paranasal sinuses (pg 145, table 7.1) • 4 types of sinuses • maxillary • ethmoid • frontal • sphenoid

  11. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries • Nasopharynx: first division of pharynx (HARYNG/O = throat) • Oropharynx: second division of pharynx (or/o = mouth) 6. Adenoids 7. Palintine tonsils: protects against infection 8. Laryngopharynx: Third division

  12. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 9. Larynx (laryng/o): voice box makes speech possible

  13. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries

  14. Vocal Cords • Larynx (laryng/o): • voice box makes speech possible

  15. Epiglottis10: Esophagus; Not part of the air flow: carries food to the stomach11. Epiglottis: Located at the base of the tongue & is a lid that covers larynx so food will not enter.

  16. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 12.Trachea (trache/o) Windpipe

  17. Trachea

  18. Tracheal Rings

  19. Tracheal Epithelium

  20. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 13.Mediastium: Not part of the air flow-Region between lungs 14. Bronchi (BRONCH/O, BRONCHI/O) Each leads to a separate lung and divides into branches.

  21. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 15. Lungs: bronchial tree forms internet structure of the lungs -LOB/o = lobe -PHEUM/o = pertaining to lungs & air -PHEU/o = pertaining to lungs & air -PHLMON/o = pertaining to lungs

  22. Lobes of the Lung

  23. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 16.Bronchioles: (BRONCHIOL/o) smallest branches of the bronchi

  24. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries 17. Alveoli: Air sacks (ALVEOL/O) Small grape like clusters found at the end of bronchiole. 18. Capillaries 19 Erythrocytes

  25. Pulmonary Circulation

  26. Pathway of air from nose to the capillaries • Parietal Pleura: Outer layer, lining of the thoracic cavity 21. Visceral pleura: inner layer 22. Diaphram: Muscle separating chest and abdomen. Breathing action

  27. External vs Internal Respiration

  28. Internal respiration • Exchange of within the cells of all body organs and tissues • Oxygen passes from blood stream into the tissue cells • Carbon dioxide passes from the tissue cells into the blood stream

  29. External Respirationbreathing • Exchange of gases in the lungs • Inhalation: act of drawing in the breath • Exhalation: act of breathing out

  30. Pathology of the Respiratory SystemChronic Obstructive diseases • Chronic Obstructive disease (COPD) • Asthma • Bronchiectasis • Emphysema • Smoker’s respiratory symdrome

  31. Allergic rhinitis Croup Diphtheria Epistaxis Influenza Pertussis Paroxysmal Rhinorrea Sinusitis Upper Resp. infection Or nasopharyngitis Pathology of the Respiratory SystemUpper Respiratory Disease

  32. Pathology of the Respiratory SystemPharnyx & Larynx • Pharyngitis (Pharynx—inflamation) • Pharyngorrhagia (Pharynx—bleeding) • Pharyngorrhea (Pharynx—ab. Discharge) • Laryngoplegia (Larynx—paralysis) • Laryngospasm (Larynx—sudden contraction of)

  33. Aphonia Dysphonia Laryngitis Without/ sound Bad/ sound/ cond./ of Larnyx/ inflamation Pathology of the Respiratory SystemVoice Disorders

  34. Pathology of the Respiratory SystemTrachea and Bronchi

  35. Bronchial Asthma

  36. Emboli

  37. Emphysma

  38. Nasal Polypops

  39. Pneumona

  40. Pheumothorax

  41. ChronicBronchitis

  42. Histology of Bronchus

  43. DeviatedNasalSeptum

  44. SaggitalX SectLarynx

  45. X Section of Throax

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