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Geospatial Systems Architecture

Geospatial Systems Architecture. Todd Bacastow. Views of a System Architecture. ISO Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) Enterprise Viewpoint: It is directed to the needs of the users of an information system.

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Geospatial Systems Architecture

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  1. Geospatial Systems Architecture Todd Bacastow

  2. Views of a System Architecture • ISO Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) • Enterprise Viewpoint: It is directed to the needs of the users of an information system. • Information Viewpoint: It focuses on the information content of the enterprise. • Computational Viewpoint: It deals with the logical partitioning of the distributed applications independent of any specific distributed environment on which they run. • Engineering Viewpoint: It addresses the issues of system support (platform) for distributed applications. • Technology Viewpoint: The technology model identifies possible technical artifacts for the engineering mechanisms, computational structures, information structures, and enterprise structures.

  3. Peters, Fig 2-1

  4. Peters, Fig 2-2

  5. Peters, Fig 2-3

  6. Peters, Fig 2-4

  7. Peters, Fig 2-8

  8. Peters, Fig 2-9

  9. Peters, Fig 2-11

  10. Peters, Fig 2-12

  11. Peters, Fig 1-1

  12. What is an architecture? • A system architecture is the conceptual design that defines the structure and/or behavior of a system • There is no universally agreed definition • Systems architecture can best be thought of as a representation • Maybe expressed in hardware, software, or organizational management • It is also a process because a sequence of steps • It can also be a discipline

  13. Geospatial architecture • Geospatial architecture is a strategic blueprint • Broadly, geospatial architecture effort addresses the following views: • business activities and processes, • data sets and information flows, and • services.

  14. Analogies • Consider a community that maintains an infrastructure for a public service to homes and businesses. This infrastructure might include: • Electricity producers • Drinking water purification and distribution • Sewage treatment • Other waste disposal • Natural gas distribution • Public transport • Cable television and telephones • Roads and toll ways

  15. Autodesk ESRI Intergraph MapInfo Smallworld Product Families Viewer AutoCAD LT ArcReader GeoMedia Viewer ProViewer Custom Desktop World ArcView GeoMedia MapInfo Professional Spatial Intelligence Profess-ional AutoCAD / Map ArcEditorArcInfo GeoMedia Pro MapInfo Professional Smallworld GIS Hand-held OnSite ArcPad IntelliWhere MapXtend Scout Database Server GIS Server ArcSDE Uses Oracle Spatial SpatialWare Part of Smallworld GIS Component In several products Map Objects Part of GeoMedia MapX, MapJ Part of Smallworld GIS Internet MapGuide ArcIMS GeoMedia Web Map, GeoMedia Web Enterprise MapXtreme, MapXSite Smallworld Internet Applic- ation Server CAD AutoCAD Map In several products In several products In several products Part of Smallworld GIS

  16. GIS Software Classification Number of Users Cost Internet Viewer Component Hand-held Desktop Professional Functionality

  17. GIS Market

  18. ArcSDE Unifies Spatial Data Access • ArcGIS Desktop Applications • ArcIMS , ArcExplorer, ArcPad • MapObjects • Third-Party applications ArcSDE Services SQL Server Oracle Informix IBM DB2

  19. Organizations expect to... Leverage existing spatial data (eliminate silos) Integrate spatial data with core business data Incorporate spatial into workflow between departments (for a city…tax assessor, appraisal, DPW, police, fire, IT) Deploy IT standards to all their data Move client / server GIS apps to the web and wireless devices Benefit from scalability and security Enterprise GIS

  20. First, Spatially Enable The Data… Data Is Independent of Application ArcSDE ArcIMS ArcGIS SQL Server High Availability, High Performance, Secure, Scalable

  21. PMF Next, publish the information ArcReader ArcMap Publisher MXD Data A New Extension

  22. Consume and expose Web services for: Mapping Metadata Data sharing and distribution Geoprocessing Provide standard services and components for web developer (.Net, “generic XML/SOAP”, or Java API’s) How? Distributed GIS

  23. GIS Internet Enterprise Applications Browsers Web Web Server Broker Databases

  24. Emerging GIS Internet Enterprise Applications Browsers Web Broker Web Server Services Databases

  25. New Concept – g.net architecture leveraging emerging web technologies Web services GIS technology for applications over the web Mapping Metadata GIS Functionality Spatial Data sharing and distribution Extends ArcGIS System concept Desktop Applications Back Office Servers Distributed “Services” via the Internet Distributed GIS Development

  26. G.net Architecture Building Blocks GIS Portal GIS Portal GIS Portal • Network architecture (Distributed) • Loosely Coupled • Internet Standards • Many GeoServices • Many Clients • Metadata Servers • Open / Interoperable • Full GIS capabilities GIS Users Connect and UseCheckout and Use Search Catalog and Find World Wide Web • Publish GIS Data & Services • Document in Catalog Metadata Server Author, Manage, Serve Catalogs Author, Manage, Serve Geographic Information Collections

  27. “Software for G.Net” ArcGIS Used to build • Data • Maps • Models • Applications • Metadata ArcIMS • Serve GIS • Data • Maps • Apps GIS Web Services Array of GIS Clients Access and use GIS data and services • ArcReader • Map Objects for Java • ArcGIS Desktop & Extensions • ArcPad ArcSDE Used to manage • Data • Metadata • Transactions ArcGIS • Author and Manage Metadata • Build Catalog Metadata & Catalog Services GIS Clients ArcIMS • Manage Metadata • Provide Search Services ArcSDE Used to manage and distribute • Metadata

  28. Organizations are moving and consolidating spatial data into relational databases to improve interoperability Organizations are moving client/server mapping applications to the web and looking to web services for the future Organizations are integrating spatial data analysis and map visualization into key business applications to improve decision making and service delivery Market Forces Are Driving Change

  29. Views of a System Architecture • ISO Reference Model of Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) • Enterprise Viewpoint: It is directed to the needs of the users of an information system. • Information Viewpoint: It focuses on the information content of the enterprise. • Computational Viewpoint: It deals with the logical partitioning of the distributed applications independent of any specific distributed environment on which they run. • Engineering Viewpoint: It addresses the issues of system support (platform) for distributed applications. • Technology Viewpoint: The technology model identifies possible technical artifacts for the engineering mechanisms, computational structures, information structures, and enterprise structures.

  30. . Architecture Development

  31. Steps • Defining Architecture Requirements. • to enable the system to meet the community’s goals and objectives. • Defining a Candidate Architectures. • to evolve an architecture gradually. • Defining Enterprise Architecture. • integrate it into an enterprise architecture model. • Defining Reference Architecture. • a working example designed and proven for use in by the participants • Validating a Reference Architecture.

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