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CELL CYCLE Chapter 10

CELL CYCLE Chapter 10. Mitosis. Not a flashcard. Did you know…. A healthy adult human produces ____________ new cells every second!. 25 million. Why do cells divide?. Growth Repair/Regenerate Reproduction. Not a flashcard. The Cell Cycle. Not a flashcard. CELL CYCLE.

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CELL CYCLE Chapter 10

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  1. CELL CYCLEChapter 10 Mitosis

  2. Not a flashcard. Did you know… A healthy adult human produces ____________ new cells every second! 25 million

  3. Why do cells divide? • Growth • Repair/Regenerate • Reproduction

  4. Not a flashcard. The Cell Cycle

  5. Not a flashcard. CELL CYCLE Click here: cells alive cell cycle The cell cycle makes 2 cells that are exactly the same!!!

  6. 5 Phases of the Cell Cycle • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase Mitosis Remember: IPeed on the MAT!

  7. Animation

  8. In between divisions • Cells are in this phase most of the time • See nucleus because DNA is spread out as chromatin • Can’t see individual chromosomes • DNA & cytoplasm is doubled INTERPHASE

  9. 1st dividing phase • DNA scrunches into chromosomes • Nuclear membrane disappears • Centrioles produce spindle fibers PROPHASE

  10. Chromosomes line up in the middle METAPHASE

  11. Centrioles pull chromosomes apart ANAPHASE

  12. See two nuclei • Nuclear membrane returns • Spindle breaks down • Chromosomes spread out into chromatin TELOPHASE

  13. Not a flashcard.

  14. CYTOKINESIS • Cytoplasm splits into two cells • In Plants: • A cell plate is formed. • In Animals: • A cleavage furrow is formed.

  15. Not a flashcard. Cytokinesis in plants cell plate

  16. Not a flashcard. Cytokinesis in Animals Cleavage furrow

  17. Not a flashcard. The Cell Cycle

  18. Not a flashcard. What Phases Can You See?

  19. Not a flashcard. Find the stages of mitosis in these onion cells:

  20. Animation

  21. Not a flashcard.

  22. Not a flashcard. Cell Cycle-click here!

  23. Not a flashcard. The 5 Phases

  24. Not a flashcard. CHROMOSOMES

  25. 3 flashcards Chromosome structure ‘sister’ CHROMATIDS • ______________________ 2 identical arms • __________________ constricted area holds chromatids together CENTROMERE HOMOLOGOUS • __________________ PAIR • 2 of each chromosome (one from mom; one from dad)

  26. DNA can appear in 2 forms CHROMATIN ______________ Spread out when cells are NOT dividing. CHROMOSOMES _________________ Scrunched up in bundles as when cells divide.

  27. Cancer cells • Don’t stop dividing ***Like a car with no brakes! • Can spread to new places • ______________ damage DNA Ex: Radiation, cigarette smoke, chemicals in environment Carcinogens

  28. Not a flashcard. Cancer cell may divide indefinitely if they have a continual supply of nutrients! *In contrast, nearly all mammalian cells divide 20 to 50 times under culture conditions before they stop, age, and die. Did you know…? • Cancer cells may be “immortal” • Cells from a tumor removed from a woman (Henrietta Lacks) in 1951 are still reproducing in culture!

  29. Not a flashcard. CANCER

  30. Not a flashcard. Smoking leads to cancer.

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