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Body Systems. Unit 5. Cranium (Skull). Mandible. Clavicle. Sternum. Humorous. Rib. Vertebrae. Pelvis. Radius. Ulna. Carpals. Metacarpals. Phalanges. Femur. Patella. Tibia. Fibula. Tarsals. Metatarsals. Phalanges. The Skeletal System. Functions
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Body Systems Unit 5
Cranium (Skull) Mandible Clavicle Sternum Humorous Rib Vertebrae Pelvis Radius Ulna Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges Femur Patella Tibia Fibula Tarsals Metatarsals Phalanges
The Skeletal System • Functions • Plays a crucial role in movement • Supports and protects organs • Structure • Axial Skeleton – Includes the 80 bones of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum • Appendicular Skeleton – includes the 126 bones of the shoulders, arms, hands, hips, legs, and feet • Cartilage – strong flexible connective tissue
The Skeletal System • Joints – the point where two bones meet • Ball and Socket Joint – allows the widest range of movement: forward, backward, sideways and in a circle • Example: Shoulder and Hips • Pivot Joint – allows for rotation • Example: the joint between the first two vertebrae in the neck which allow the head to rotate • Ellipsoidal Joint – oval shaped part fits into a curved space and allows for all types of movement except pivotal • Example: Wrist • Hinge Joint – allows bending and straightening • Example: Fingers, Knees, Elbows
The Skeletal System • Ligaments – tough bands of fibrous elastic tissue that binds bone to bone • Tendons – fibrous cords that attach muscle to bones
The Skeletal System • Problems • Fractures – Any type of break in a bone • Osteoporosis – a condition in which bone density decreases • Scoliosis – a lateral, or side to side, curvature of the spine
The Circulatory System • Main Parts • Heart, Blood, and a network of branching vessels • Heart • 4 Chamber • Left and Right Ventricles • Left and Right Atriums -
The Circulatory System • Main Parts • Heart, Blood, and a network of branching vessels • Heart – pumps oxygen rich blood for the body • 4 Chamber • Left and Right Ventricles • Left and Right Atriums - • Blood – delivers oxygen to the body • Vessels • Arteries – Vessels that carry blood away from the heart • Veins – Vessels that Carry deoxygenated blood toward the heart from the body’s organs and tissue • Capillaries – vessels that carry blood between arterioles and venules