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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. Carbonyl Compounds II Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones. Structure of Aldehydes and Ketones. Interesting Aldehydes and Ketones. Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones. General Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds. Organometallic Reagents. Synthesis of Grignard Reagents.

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 Carbonyl Compounds II Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones

  2. Structure of Aldehydes and Ketones

  3. Interesting Aldehydes and Ketones

  4. Nomenclature of Aldehydes and Ketones

  5. General Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds

  6. Organometallic Reagents

  7. Synthesis of Grignard Reagents

  8. Reaction of Grignard Reagents with Aldehydes and Ketones

  9. Show how you would prepare of 4-methyl-3-heptanol, a sex pheromone of the European elm beetle, Scolytus multistriatus. 

  10. Addition of H2O - Hydration

  11. Addition of Alcohols - Acetal Formation

  12. Addition of Amines - Formation of Imines • Treatment of an aldehyde or a ketone with a 1° amine affords an imine (also called a Schiffbase).

  13. Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones with sodium borohydride and Lithium aluminum hydride Hydrogen with a catalyst also reduces aldehydes and ketones to 1° and 2° alcohols respectively.

  14. Oxidation Reactions • CrO3 in aqueous acid oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids efficiently. Ketones are NOT oxidized. • Silver oxide, Ag2O, in aqueous ammonia (Tollens’ reagent)oxidizes aldehydes but not ketones. Precipitates as a silver mirror

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