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Odin’s atmospheric mission. The Atmosphere from Space. Odin Aeronomy Goals. Stratospheric Ozone science Catalytic destruction of ozone by Cl and Br Ozone loss outside of polar regions Mesospheric ozone Science Unravelling the chemistry of Odd- Hydrogen. Summer mesopause studies
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Odin Aeronomy Goals • Stratospheric Ozone science • Catalytic destruction of ozone by Cl and Br • Ozone loss outside of polar regions • Mesospheric ozone Science • Unravelling the chemistry of Odd-Hydrogen. • Summer mesopause studies • Are NLC a harbinger of climate change? • Dynamical processes • Transport between different atmospheric regions
Odin • Launched 20 Feb 2001 • Joint Astronomy/Aeronomy mission • Carries two instruments • SMR • OSIRIS • Sun synchronous orbit 18:00 hour ascending node
Atmosfärens struktur 120 Termosfären 100 80 Mesosfären Höjd (km) 60 40 Stratosfären 20 Troposfären 0 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 Temperatur (C)
Processes of importance in Aeronomy • The interaction of radiation with atmospheric constitutents. • Chemical processes • Dynamical processes and the interaction between • large scale dynamics (General circulation) • small scale dynamics (Waves)
Normal Ozone Chemistry Disturbed Ozone Chemistry Ozone Chemistry
H O 2 HNO 3 H SO 4 2 cool to cool to ~195K ~188K H O H O 2 2 H SO Aerosol Type I PSC Type II PSC Sedimentation 2 4 nucleation and growth Formation Formation DenitrificationDehydration CH n h 4 n h HNO 3 O H O Cl Cooling 2ClO +2O 2 2 3 2 ClONO HCl 2 s C F NO ClONO 2 2 C Cl O 2 2 Incorporation n Repartioning of h Catalytic cycle of Formation of of HCl and HNO 3 reservoir species reservoir species Ozone depletion into type-I particles Processes i ozone loss Microphysical processes Chemical processes HCl 2Cl Cl From Troposphere Photo dissociation
The Radiometer SMR • Four sub-mm Channels 486 – 580 GHz • One mm-waves channel 118.7 GHz • Three Spectrometers • One Acousto-optical Spectrometer • Two Autocorrelator Spectrometers • One three channel filterbank
OSIRIS (Optical Spectrograph and Infra Red Imaging System) • Spectrometer • 280-800 nm • 1 nm resolution • IR Imager • 3 channels • 2 @ 1.27 mm • 1 @ 1.53 mm • 10 nm bandwidth
Odin limb scanning Solen Först
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen
Odin limb scanning Solen Sist
Odin measurement modes • Basic Stratospheric mode • SMR: O3, N2O, HNO3, ClO, (H2O) • OSIRIS O3, NO2, (OClO, BrO), aerosols • Scan range 7-70 km • Other SMR modes • SMR: H2O, CO (upper strat), NO, HDO, H2O2, HO2, • Scan range 7-100 km or 50-100 km
Division of time with Astronomy • 50 – 50 principle • Basic stratospheric mode every 3rd day • Extra day for other modes every 3rd basic day • Special programmes for validation campaigns and geophysically interesting periods
A comparison of the OSIRIS retrieved and Sonde measured ozone profile over Spitzbergen
Specifications on the retrieval process for O3 and NO2 is seen below: O3-window NO2-window : 571-617 nm 435-451 nm Species: O3, NO2, O4 O3, NO2, O4 Corrections: I0, Polarization I0, Tilt, T-dep, -shift Ref. height: 50 km 50 km Alt range: ~10-40 km ~15-35 km