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Gecekondu of İstanbul

Gecekondu of İstanbul. “Put up in one night” Definition- A habitat of one or two rooms built at night on the periphery of a large city without permission. Characteristics. Built overnight with makeshift materials Legal loophole Built on public, ownerless lands. Origins.

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Gecekondu of İstanbul

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  1. Gecekondu of İstanbul • “Put up in one night” • Definition- A habitat of one or two rooms built at night on the periphery of a large city without permission

  2. Characteristics • Built overnight with makeshift materials • Legal loophole • Built on public, ownerless lands

  3. Origins • First appeared in 1940’s • Result of Urbanization occuring at faster rate than industrialization • Istanbul’s population grew from 1 million in 1950 to 5 million in 1980 and 10 million in 2000

  4. Locations • Largest gecekondu commuinities in Ankara, Izmir, Istanbul • First built in city, later on periphery • Reminiscent of Ottoman proximity of poor and wealthy

  5. Politics and Gecekondu • Large Population=Large Source of Votes • Politicians and Political Parties’ efforts to gain loyalty of gecekondu residents • Gecekondu influence in elections

  6. Precarious Living • Services depend on stage of development • Initially without services • Water, sanitation, and electricity obtained illegaly

  7. High risk of damage during earthquakes • Distrust of professional contractors/engineers • Inability to pay for adequate services

  8. Responses to Gecekondus • Initial attempts to demolish • Incorporation and prevention • Developers’ purchases and promises

  9. References • Doğan, Kuban. Istanbul An Urban History: Byzantion, Constantinopolis, Istanbul. Istanbul:the Economic and Social History Foundation of Turkey, 1996 • Keyder, Caglar. “Globalization and Social Exclusion in Istanbul”. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research. 29.1 (2005). 124-134 • Saraçgil, Ayşe. “The Gecekondu and Turkish Modernity”. Environmental Design: Journal of the Islamic Environmental Design Research Centre . 1-2 (1997-98-98). 104-107 • Özler, Ş. İlgü. “Politics of the Gecekondu in Turkey: The political choices of urban squatters in nationalelections”. Turkish Studies. 1. 2 (2009). 39-58 • Leitmann, Josef ;Baharoglu, Deniz. “Reaching Turkey’s Spontaneous Settlements: The Institutional Development of Infrastructure Provision”. International Planning Studies. 4.2 (1999). 195-212 • Green, Rebekah A. “Constructing Safety:Unauthorized Housing and EarthquakeVulnerability in Istanbul,Turkey”. Megacities: Resilience and Social Vulnerability. United Nations University:Institute for Environment and Human Security (number 10). (2008)

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