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Nutritional Classes of Microorganism. Agustin Krisna Wardani. Nutritional Classification of microorganism. depend on : - source of carbon - how to generate energy ( ATP and reducing power). Carbon sources:
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Nutritional Classes of Microorganism Agustin KrisnaWardani
Nutritional Classification of microorganism depend on : - source of carbon - how to generate energy ( ATP and reducing power)
Carbon sources: Heterotroph – must obtain carbon in an organic form made by other living organisms such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids Autotroph - an organism that uses CO2, an inorganic gas as its carbon source not nutritionally dependenton other living things 3
Organic nutrients- contain carbon and hydrogen atoms and are usually the products of living things methane (CH4), carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Inorganic nutrients– atom or molecule that contains a combination of atoms other than carbon and hydrogen metals and their salts (magnesium sulfate, ferric nitrate, sodium phosphate) 4
Formation Precursor Metabolites by autrotrophs • Make precursor from CO2 create organic molecules from an inorganic gas. ex: plants (as autotrophs) use CO2 to create organic molecules to grow. • Have special metabolic pathway (not found in heterotrophs) Calvin-Benson cycle • I molecule CO2 organic molecule (phosphoglyceraldehide) • 2 precursor metabolites is produced • 10 precursor metabolites from glycolysis, TCA cycle, PP
No ATP and reducing power (they need 3 ATP and 2 NADPH for CO2 fixed) thus, another way to generate ATP • ATP generate from sunlight (photoautotrophs) and inorganic compound (chemoautotrophs)
Autotrophs • Central metabolism + Calvin-Benson cycle 12 precursor metabolites
Photoautotrophs • Generate ATP from photosynthesis: 1. Oxygenic (oxygen producing) photosynthesis 2. Anoxygenic (not oxygen-producing)photosynthesis • Chlorophyl convert light energy into chemical energy
Anoxygenic photosynthesis • Light energy activate the electron from chlorophyll flow through electron transport ATP • Electron rejoin the chlorophyll in unactivated state • Chlorophyll served as electron donor and electron acceptor cyclic photophosphorylation
Oxygenic photsynthesis • Generate ATP and reducing power from light energy by process of oxygenic photosynthesis. • 2 different chlorophyll molecules (photosystem I and II) • Water is also source of electron • Step 1: Light chlorophill (in Photosystem II) electron transport system ATP • Step 2: electron joined to photosystem I light 2nd transport system NADPH
Chemoautotrops • By oxidation of several inorganic compound • They remove electron from inorganic substrate transport system ATP