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The Integumentary System

The Integumentary System. By: Me and Luciano. What is it?. It is the system composed of hair, skin and nails. A system is an association of two or more organs that work together to do something. Nail. Skin. Hair. Skin. Largest organ of the body

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The Integumentary System

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  1. The Integumentary System By: Me and Luciano

  2. What is it? • It is the system composed of hair, skin and nails. • A system is an association of two or more organs that work together to do something Nail Skin Hair

  3. Skin • Largest organ of the body • 2 layers: dermis (lower) and epidermis (upper) • SA of 1 to 2 meters • 16% of body weight A: common sweat gland B: hair follicle C: arrector pili D: sebaceous gland E: hair shaft F: epidermis G: dermis – pars papillaris H: dermis – pars reticularis I: hypodermis

  4. Skin Parts • Arrector Pili – Erects hair during cold or emotional stress • Sebaceous Gland – Oil gland; Keeps skin from drying out • Epidermis – Upper layer of skin; Protects dermis and rest of body • Dermis – Below epidermis; Contains nerve-endings, sweat and subaceous glands, and blood and lymph vessels • Hypodermis – Independent fat cells below dermis F: epidermis G: dermis – pars papillaris H: dermis – pars reticularis I: hypodermis A: common sweat gland B: hair follicle C: arrector pili D: sebaceous gland E: hair shaft

  5. Skin Functions in Homeostasis • Protection • Body temperature regulation • Sensory reception • Water balance • Syntheses of vitamins and hormones • Absorption of materials

  6. Common Skin Pathology • Apocrine glands produce a solution that bacteria act upon to produce body odor • If the sebaceous glands become plugged and infected, it becomes a blemish or pimple • Cancer: carcinoma and melanoma • Contact dermatitis (e.g. poison ivy) • Burns – First, second and third degree • Wrinkles • Calluses • Moles • Psoriasis • Hair loss • Frostbite

  7. Common Pathology PicturesPart 2 Dermatitis Melanoma Nickel Allergy Warts Kaposi’s Saracoma

  8. Wrinkles • Major difference between young and old • Loss of elasticity • More common in light-skinned people • Cross-linking collagen fibers

  9. Thick vs. Thin

  10. Thin Skin = Thin EpidermisThick vs. Thin Part II • Epidermis of thick skin is 10x epidermis of thin. • The different is in the thickness of the st. corneum • Thickest skin on body is the thin skin on the back

  11. Miscellaneous Skin Info • Epidermis replaces itself every 15-30 days

  12. Sweat Glands(Common) • Classification-Simple coiled tubular • Secretory Units-Shape like tubules • Ducts-Unbranched • Found through out the body • Most common in forehead • Begin functioning at birth A: Common sweat gland (duct) B: Myoepithelial cell C: Common sweat gland (secretory unit)

  13. Sweat Gland ‘apocrine’(Large) • Classification-Simple coiled tubular • Secretory Units-Shape like tubules • Ducts-Unbranched • Secretory units much larger than in common glands

  14. Skin Color (pigment) • Melanin (yellow-brown-black) • Carotene (yellow- orange) - accumulates in corneum • Hemoglobin (red) • Erythema vs. Cyanosis -Influenced by blood flow, liver (jaundice)

  15. Hair • Derived from skin • Extends above the skin surface • Made of Keratin D: Cortex E: Medulla

  16. Hair follicle

  17. Hair Diseases • Baldness –Loss of hair • Hair thinning – thinning of hair • Hair graying –graying of hair

  18. Nails • Highly Keratinized, modified epidermal cells • Arises from nail bed. • Rate of growth depends on finger length

  19. Nail Diagram

  20. Nail Pathology • Nail Fungus • Ingrown nail

  21. Jason’s Bibliography Body Systems The Human Body (its structure and operation) http://www.exn.ca/human/home.cfm http://www.dermnet.org.nz http://www.kidinfo.com/health/Human_Body.html http://www.dictionary.com http://www.medicaldictionary.com/ Luciano’s Bibliography How the Body works The Human Body http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBookINTEGUSYS.html http://www.med.sc.edu/hightower/askinnoBG/sld001.htm http://www.anatomy.gatech.edu/aging/skin/tsld001.htm Bibliography

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