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The World of Late Antiquity and Arabia Before Islam

The World of Late Antiquity and Arabia Before Islam. HIST 1007 9/6/13. Cultural Hegemony. Alexander’s Empire. Alexander’s Empire. Political heir to Achaemenid Empire Hellenic Culture Aristotle (384-322BCE) “to the strongest”. Diadochi. Seleucids (r. 311-63BCE) – Mesopotamia and Iran

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The World of Late Antiquity and Arabia Before Islam

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  1. The World of Late Antiquity and Arabia Before Islam HIST 1007 9/6/13

  2. Cultural Hegemony

  3. Alexander’s Empire

  4. Alexander’s Empire • Political heir to Achaemenid Empire • Hellenic Culture • Aristotle (384-322BCE) • “to the strongest”

  5. Diadochi • Seleucids (r. 311-63BCE) – Mesopotamia and Iran • Ptolemaic Dynasty (r. 303-47BCE) – Egypt • Antigonids (r. 306-167BCE) – Macedonia • Other smaller dynasties…

  6. Diadochi

  7. Hellenistic Age • Hellenization • Cultural Hegemony

  8. Iskandir

  9. Alexandria

  10. Empire • Neo-Assyrians – Dominance • Achaemenid Persians – Hegemony • Alexander the Great – Cultural Hegemony

  11. The Roman Empire • 290BCE – Italy • 264-202BCE – Western Mediterranean • 200-30BCE – Eastern Mediterranean • 59-51BCE - Gaul

  12. PaxRomana

  13. The Byzantine Empire

  14. Constantine the Great (r. 306-337) and Constantinople (324)

  15. From Milan to Thessalonica • 313: Edict of Milan: Ends persecution of Christians • 325: First Council of Nicaea: Nicaean Creed • 380: The Edict of Thessalonica: Nicaean Christianity becomes state religion of Roman Empire

  16. Justinian the Great (r. 527-565)

  17. Hagia Sophia

  18. Extent of Justinian’s Empire

  19. Justinian’s Plague, 541-767 • 541 – outbreak of bubonic plague • Flea bites infected rat • Flea bites human • Infected human sneezes • 25% of Mediterranean population dead • 40% of Constantinople

  20. Sasanian Empire (224-651)

  21. First Byzantine-Sasanian War (572-591) Emperor Justin II (r. 565-578) and ShahanshahKhosrau I (r. 531-579)

  22. Chaos in Constantinople • Maurice Tiberius (r. 582-602) • Phocas (r. 602-610) • Heraclius (r. 610-641)

  23. Byzantine-Sasanian War (602-628)

  24. Heraclius and the True Cross

  25. Arabia Before Islam • Jahiliyya • Tribal • Pastoral • Pagan • Small kingdoms on fringes • Christian and Jewish communities

  26. Petra

  27. Palmyra

  28. Mecca and the Hijaz • Pilgrimage center • Market center • Quraysh

  29. Mecca as Pilgrimage Center The Ka`abatoday, in 1880, and at the time of the Prophet (as portrayed in a 16th century Ottoman manuscript).

  30. Mecca as Market Center

  31. Markets of the Arabs

  32. Ghassanids and Lakhmids

  33. Poetry and Arab Culture • Oral culture • Dialects and literary language • Mu`allaqat • Seven qasida, best poems of pre-Islamic era • The Hanging Poems

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