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Mr. Mark Gonzalez Grace Christian Academy

Westward Expansion and War with Mexico. Mr. Mark Gonzalez Grace Christian Academy. “Manifest Destiny”. First mentioned by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845.

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Mr. Mark Gonzalez Grace Christian Academy

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  1. Westward Expansion and War with Mexico Mr. Mark GonzalezGrace Christian Academy

  2. “Manifest Destiny” • First mentioned by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845. • ".... the right of our manifest destinyto over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federaltive development of self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth." • A myth of the West as a land of romance and adventure emerged.

  3. “American Progress” by John Gast, 1872

  4. Texas Independence (1836-1845)

  5. Texas Declaration of Independence

  6. Key Figures in Texas Independence, 1836 1. Sam Houston(1793-1863) 2. Steven Austin(1793-1836)

  7. The Republic of Texas • 20,000 white colonists many of • German decent • 2,000 black slaves • 5,000 Mexicans • White colonists refused to renounce • Slavery and convert to Catholicism • * “Texians” rather than Mexican subjects

  8. Remember the Alamo!San Antonio, Texas

  9. Davey Crockett’s Last Stand: Crockett and 7 other survivors were captured and executed by Santa Ana

  10. The Battle of the Alamo General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Recaptures the Alamo- Break for ATSU video

  11. Overland Immigration to the West • Between 1840 and 1860, more than 250,000 people made the trek westward.

  12. The Oregon Trail – Albert Bierstadt, 1869

  13. Oregon and other Trails Westward * By 1845, 5000 Americans were living in the Willamette Valley, Oregon * Trail was 2,000 miles long

  14. The Doomed Donner Party April, 1846 – April, 1847-

  15. The Doomed Donner Party CANNIBALISM ! ! Margaret Patrick John Breen Breen Breen • Of the 87 members of the Donner Party, only 45 survived to get to California! • Stalled by a October snowstorm at what is today called Donner Pass-break for ATSUvideo James Reed & Wife

  16. The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40º or Fight! • By the mid-1840s,“Oregon Fever” wasspurred on by thepromise of free land. • The joint British-U. S.occupation ended in1846 and they split the land

  17. The Mexican War (1846-1848)

  18. The Slidell Mission (to take land from Mexico): Nov., 1845 Goals: • Mexican recognition of the Rio Grande as the TX-US border. • 3. US would purchase the New Mexico area for $5 million • 4. US would buy California at any price. John Slidell-emissary to Mexico City

  19. The Mexican War (1846-1848)

  20. General Zachary Taylor at Palo Alto, Texas “Old Rough and Ready”

  21. The Bombardment of Vera Cruz, Mexico

  22. General Scott Enters Mexico City “Old Fuss and Feathers”

  23. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848 Nicholas Trist,American Negotiator

  24. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, 1848 The Treaty was basically forced on Mexico! • Mexico gave up claims to Texas above the Rio Grande • Mexico gave to the U. S. California and New Mexico. • U. S. gave Mexico $15 million and agreed to pay Mexico debt to the USA (over $3.5 million).

  25. Results of the Mexican War? The 17-month war cost $100 million and 13,000+American lives (mostly of disease). New territories were brought into the Union which forced the explosive issue of SLAVERY to the center of national politics.* Brought in 1 million sq. mi. of land (incl. TX) These new territories would upset the balance of power between North and South. Created two popular Whig generals who ran for President. Manifest Destiny partially realized. Left the Mexican people bitter and forever suspicious of the “gringos” of the USA

  26. The Mexican Cession

  27. Unresolved Issues & New Opportunities

  28. Free Soil Party Free Soil!Free Speech!Free Labor!Free Men! WHY? • Opposition to the extension of slavery in the new territories!

  29. The 1848 Presidential Election Results √

  30. GOLD! At Sutter’s Mill, California 1848 John A. Sutter Break for ATSU video

  31. California Gold Rush, 1849 49er’s

  32. Two Views of San Francisco, Early 1850s • 1850 California becomes a state- no slavery • By 1860, almost 300,000people had traveled the Oregon & CaliforniaTrails to the Pacificcoast.

  33. Territorial Growth to 1853

  34. Westward the Course of EmpireEmmanuel Leutze, 1860

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