1 / 99

The Road to World War 2 by Mr. Mark Gonzalez AP World History Grace Christian Academy of MD

Explore the economic collapse of Germany after World War 1, the rise of Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party, and the spread of fascism in Italy and the Soviet Union under Mussolini and Stalin.

belljoseph
Download Presentation

The Road to World War 2 by Mr. Mark Gonzalez AP World History Grace Christian Academy of MD

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Road to World War 2by Mr. Mark GonzalezAP World HistoryGrace Christian Academy of MD

  2. Event 1: Germany and then the rest of the world faces economic collapse • Germany economically crippled by the conditions of the Versailles Treaty-had to pay $33 billion to Allies for WW I • Germany’s post WW I gov’t, the Weimar Republic unable to deal with economic problems

  3. Event 1: Germany and then the rest of the world faces economic collapse • France and Britain’s economies began to sink in the 1920s-the USA became the #1 supplier of goods in the 20s • Worldwide food surplus in the 20s-drove down crop prices-hurt farmers • 1929: The Great Depression-started in the USA and had a ripple effect in Europe and Japan who depended on US products

  4. Event 1: Germany faces economic collapse • Germans like Adolf Hitler began to blame others for the economic problems- Jews

  5. PROBLEMS CAUSES HITLER'S SOLUTIONS PRIDE Humiliation War Guilt clause loss of the war WHY DID GERMANY CHOOSE HITLER? Nationalism Aryan race superior ECONOMIC Inflation of 1920's (reparations) Depression of 1930's (unemployment) Re-financed before Hitler Employment through public works and military build-up POLITICAL Chaos: democracy weak feared Communism Order out of chaos: dictatorship PERSONAL Distrust of the Weimar Republic Cult of Personality "Trust Me"

  6. Response by Germany’s Neighbors and the USA • War Guilt Clause • Countries insisted Germany repay war debts • Dawes Plan: USA loaned money to Germany to pay back war reparations, Germany never repaid

  7. Event 2: The Rise of Adolph Hitler • MEIN KAMPF: book by Hitler on his political views. In the book he blamed Jews and communists for all of Germany's problems. The book laid out his plans for world conquest. • Hitler-Formed the Nazi Party to promote his views • Hitler also wanted to create a “master race” of Aryans • Hitler expanded arms production, created new jobs, and rebuilt the German economy and rescuing the country from the Great Depression by 1935 • Hitler built new housing, highways and sports arenas • Limited women’s rights-elimination of birth control w/ the goal to build large families

  8. The Rise of Fascism • Fascism: radical political solution-emphasized an extreme form of nationalism: • Individuals must submit their will to the state • Bring back full employment • Stop Communism • Conquer new territories • Use of a totalitarian dictatorship Why did people turn to fascism in the 1920s-40s? • Communist Revolution in Russia frightened people all over the world • The Great Depression much economic uncertainty (apparent collapse of free-market capitalism) Leaders who advocated it-Hitler, Mussolini (Italy), Franco (Spain) and the militarists in Japan

  9. COVER PAGE OF GERMAN EDITIONS OF MEIN KAMPF WRITTEN IN 1924 WHILE HITLER WAS IMPRISONED FOR STAGING A REVOLT

  10. NAZI PROPAGANDA DEPICTING THE IDEAL ARYAN MEMBER OF THE MASTER RACE NAZI PROPAGANDA DEPICTING THE IDEAL GERMAN ARYAN

  11. ANTI-SEMITISM • ANTI-SEMITISM: HATRED AND PREJUDICE AGAINST JEWS. HITLER AND THE NAZI'S WERE VICIOUSLY ANTI-SEMITIC BLAMING JEWS FOR ALL THE PROBLEMS IN THE WORLD. WHEN THEY GAINED POWER THEY MURDERED 6 MILLION JEWS.

  12. Adolph Hitler • Nuremberg Laws- laws instituted to deprive all Jews of citizenship, Jewsterrorized by Hitler’s SS Storm Troopers

  13. VOLKSWAGEN: A CAR FOR ALMOST EVERY GERMAN FAMILY

  14. German Empire Highway-The Autobahn

  15. Hitler as a baby and young boy

  16. HITLER AS A SOLDIER IN WW1 HITLER AS A SOLDIER IN WWI. HE DID NOT SUPPORT THE SURRENDER OF THE GERMAN GOVERNMENT AT THE END OF THE WAR, IT LEFT HIM VERY DISILLUSIONED.

  17. Hitler

  18. Hitler

  19. Event 2: The Rise of Adolph Hitler • The Third Reich: successor to the Holy Roman Empire and the Kaiser’s German Empire • Der Fuhrer: Hitler was elected chancellor of Germany in 1933. • Hitler, after becoming chancellor (prime minister) of Germany turned himself into a totalitarian dictator. • Hitler destroyed democracy in Germany and imprisoned or killed all those who opposed him.

  20. HITLER ELECTED CHANCELLOR OF GERMANY 1933

  21. “Our People, Our Empire, Our Leader”

  22. FASCISM WOULD BRING DEATH, DESTRUCTION AND TORTURE TO MILLIONS AROUND THE WORLD

  23. Event 3: The Rise of Fascism in Italy • Benito Mussolini“Il Duce” • Totalitarian dictator of Italy • Fascist • Wanted to restore Italy’s economy and power in the Mediterranean • October 1935- Italy invaded Ethiopia

  24. MUSSOLINI AT THE HEIGHT OF HIS POWER

  25. “BELIEVE, OBEY, FIGHT": SLOGAN OF MUSSOLINI'S FASCIST PARTY. MUSSOLINI WANTED TO RECREATE THE ANCIENT ROMAN EMPIRE THAT HAD FALLEN 1500 YEARS AGO.

  26. ETHIOPIA LACKED THE MODERN WEAPONS THAT ITALY POSSESSED.

  27. Mussolini Was Hitler’s Role Model

  28. Mussolini and Hitler-allies

  29. Event 4: The Rise of Soviet Dictator Josef Stalin A. Born 1879 in Georgia B. Expelled from seminary in 1899, became a communist revolutionary in 1900, joined Bolsheviks in 1903 C. Editor of Pravda (1913-1917) D. Played role in October Revolution, but less imp. than Trotsky

  30. Stalin Stalin, Party secretary and later authoritarian dictator. Defeated Trotsky in the struggle for power after the death of Lenin

  31. The Five-Year Plans 1. 1928: Stalin decrees massive effort to forcibly industrialize Russia 2. Collectivization was used to generate capital to industrialize 3. Production across all industries increased, but at terrible price 4. Show trials and executions of managers who failed to meet goals used to terrorize populace into achieving targets

  32. Stalin’s Purges- used by Stalin to take complete control of Soviet society 1. Nation exhausted by 1933, with famine in Ukraine and first 5-year plan ended 2. Systematic arrest and murder of millions of soviet citizens followed 3. Goal was to eliminate any possible center of opposition or criticism of 5-year plans, real or imagined anywhere (Stalin was paranoid) 4. Scholars estimate as many as 15 million victims of Stalin’s policies by 1938

  33. Stalin’s Cult of Personality 1. 1924: renames TsaritsynStalingrad 2. Began process of semi-divinization through propaganda in all media 3. Stalin became known only through public image of adulation and incessant praise, which he manipulated to secure his power 4. Cult was complement to the terror state

  34. Effects of Stalinism to 1939 1. Stalin-Russia’s sole undisputed leader 2. Stalin & his secret police (NKVD) supreme 3. Rapid advances in basic industries– 5-Year Plans (not effected by the Great Depression) 4. Purges seriously weakened military on eve of WWII - Stalin to blame for early Nazi victories in 1941

  35. Event 5: The Spanish Civil War • Germany and Italy intervened on the side of the Fascists in Spain, helped Francisco Franco • Test of Italian and German military muscle • October 1936- Rome-Berlin military alliance created

  36. FRANCO PROPAGANDA POSTER HITLER & FRANCO

  37. Pablo Picasso’sGuernica(1937)-a critique of the horrors of war

  38. Event 6: The Rise of Militarism in Japan • In the 1930s, Japan had a desire expand- to acquire raw materials, • Japanese militarists: Emperor is a god • wanted Japan to remove the US and all European colonial powers from the Pacific realm and rule Asia themselves • Militarists: a strong military (army, navy, air force) should be the most important goal for Japan (Nipon) • foreign conquest- a badge of honor for military leaders

  39. Event 6: The Rise of Japanese Militarism • 1905-took over Manchuria, China and all of Korea • 1930s Chinese cities of Shanghai and Beijing attacked and people massacred • 1937- Japan invaded china- the “Rape of Nanking” (400,000 murdered; 20,000 women raped)

  40. Hirohito was the last Japanese emperor to uphold the idea that Japan’s imperial rulers were gods

  41. A Japanese Soldier prepares to behead a man in Nanking, China (left)’ soldier holds a severed head (right)

  42. THE JAPANESE USED BOMBING TO TERRORIZE CHINA’s CIVILIAN POPULATION. THEY WERE NEVER SUCCESSFUL IN CONQUERING THE WHOLE COUNTRY CHINESE BABY BURNED AFTER JAPANESE BOMBERS STRIKE SHANGHAI IN 1937

  43. Chinese Rape Victims of the Japanese

  44. The Rhineland, the Sudetenland and Austria become a part of Germany

  45. EUROPEAN LEADERS AT THE MUNICH CONFERENCE THAT GAVE THE SUDETENLAND TO HITLER. A PRIME EXAMPLE OF APPEASEMENT. NO REPRESENTATIVE FROM CZECHOSLOVAKIA WAS INVITED TO ATTEND. SPEECH BY HITLER NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN EDOUARD DALADIER

  46. REACTIONS OF GERMANS LIVING IN THE SUDETENLAND TO HITLER’S TAKEOVER

  47. Event 7: The Invasion of Czechoslovakia/Nazi-Soviet Pact • March 1939- Hitler’s armies overran the rest of Czech. • Next, Hitler wanted parts of Poland- city of Danzig • Nazi-Soviet Pact- Hitlerand Soviet leader Josef Stalinagreed to divide up Polandand not attack each other

  48. The Nazis Overrun Czechoslovakia

More Related