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Roman Republic to Empire

Roman Republic to Empire. Republic: 509-27 B.C. Empire: 27 B.C.-476 A.D. The end of the Roman Republic. Julius Caesar is assassinated March 15, 44 B.C. Fighting breaks out between Mark Antony and Octavian By 27 B.C. Octavian has won. Beginning of the Empire.

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Roman Republic to Empire

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  1. Roman Republic to Empire Republic: 509-27 B.C. Empire: 27 B.C.-476 A.D.

  2. The end of the Roman Republic • Julius Caesar is assassinated March 15, 44 B.C. • Fighting breaks out between Mark Antony and Octavian • By 27 B.C. Octavian has won

  3. Beginning of the Empire • Octavian changes his name to Augustus and becomes the first emperor. • Emperors claim divine right to rule. • Emperors claims absolute power.

  4. Bad Emperors • Who? • Caligula • Nero • Domitian • Why Bad? • Mentally disturbed • Persecution • Assassination is common • Bread and circuses used to control the masses

  5. Good Emperors • Who? • Nerva • Trajan • Hadrian • Antonius Pius • Marcus Aurelius • Why Good? • Empire grows in size and wealth • Period of prosperity • Government is stable

  6. Rise of Christianity • Why? • Message appealed to the poor • Promise of heaven/salvation • Miracles • Universality/equality among believers • Personal relationship with a loving God.

  7. Rise of Christianity • How Spread? • Slowly but steadily (picks up after 75 AD) • Trade routes • Through apostles/disciples • Missionaries • Pax Romana

  8. Rise of Christianity • Where? • Begins in populated cities. • Spreads to boundaries of the empire. • North: Britain/Ireland • South: Egypt • East: Armenia/Mesopotamia • West: Spain

  9. Rise of Christianity • Results? • Jewish Rebellion in 66 A.D.  Romans destroyed the temple complex and started the Diaspora. • Persecution: • Why? • Refused to worship the emperor. • Refused to worship Roman gods. • Used as scape goats.

  10. Official Acceptance and Toleration • Constantine converts to Christianity in 312. • Edict of Milan (313) is issued by Constantine to give Christians the right to worship freely. • Nicene Creed (325) is written to define the basic beliefs of the church. • Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion in 380.

  11. Catholic Church • Original Christian church • Organization: • Pope • Cardinals • Bishops • Priests

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