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Show Goat Nutrition

Show Goat Nutrition. Gary Lynch, Ph.D. Land O’Lakes Purina Feed. INTRODUCTION. Nutritional requirements Management Factors Hot Topics Products. GOATS ARE MOST LIKE?. Ruminants But Not Little Cows Browsers Feeding for Show: Want to Maximize Growth, muscling and “beauty”.

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Show Goat Nutrition

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  1. Show Goat Nutrition Gary Lynch, Ph.D. Land O’Lakes Purina Feed

  2. INTRODUCTION • Nutritional requirements • Management Factors • Hot Topics • Products

  3. GOATS ARE MOST LIKE? • Ruminants • But Not Little Cows • Browsers • Feeding for Show: Want to Maximize Growth, muscling and “beauty”.

  4. #1 #2 #3 “OUT”

  5. REQUIREMENTS: • Protein • Fiber • Energy – Carbohydrates and Fat • Vitamin and Minerals • Water • A Well Balanced Diet:

  6. FEED DIGESTION IN GOATS Microorganisms Microorganisms Small Intestine Undigested Feed Particles Stomach Diet Rumen Blood Amino Acids Blood Fatty Acids, etc.

  7. THE RUMEN • Huge microbial fermentation vat • In one mL of rumen fluid you would find • 10 billion bacteria • 1 million protozoa • 10 thousand fungi • Two main types of microbes • Fiber digesting • Starch digesting

  8. FEED DIGESTION IN GOATS Microorganisms Microorganisms Small Intestine Undigested Feed Particles Stomach Diet Rumen Blood Amino Acids Blood Fatty Acids, etc.

  9. WHEN RUMEN BUGS GO BAD………… It’s not their fault – it’s whatthey are fed!

  10. PROBLEMS/DISEASESOF THE RUMINANT • ACIDOSIS • Acute - Too much grain at one time/meal • Lots of grain results in high volatile fatty acid production • Sub-acute - High concentrate diet • Low roughage • Reduced saliva/buffer production • Variable intake

  11. WHAT HAPPENS TO MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AT DIFFERENT pH

  12. PROBLEMS/DISEASESOF THE RUMINANT • BLOAT • Carbon dioxide & methane build-up • Blockage not allowing animal to belch • FROTHY BLOAT • Carbon dioxide & methane • Bubbles are hard to pop Bloat

  13. PROTEIN(AMINO ACIDS) The building blocks for muscle Required for milk protein (casein) From two sources: Dietary and rumen microbes Require “amount” not “percent” % fed dependant on feed intake and forage quality

  14. KID GOAT – 40 LB 1.1 lb/day DM intake (.500 kg), gain 0.33 lb/day Protein: 80 grams required 80 / 500 = 16% protein Most Kid Goat Starter/grower diets are 16 – 18% protein Once 50 lb +, 15-16% is more than adequate

  15. FIBER • An energy source • Structural carbohydrates: • Cellulose, hemi-cellulose • Ruminant are designed to utilize fiber • Fiber (structural carbohydrates) required for healthy rumen fermentation • Fiber is an expensive component in feeds

  16. FAT(ENERGY) • Not routinely supplemented – • Provides extra energy • Part of grains in diet • 2-3% of standard diets • Higher fat diets can be fed to dairy and meat/show goats • 3 – 4 % • Fatty acids will improve hair coat

  17. ENERGY • From: • Fiber (structural CHO) • Grains / starch (non-structural CHO) • Fat • Protein

  18. MINERALS IN GOAT NUTRITION • Macro Minerals: • Ca, P, Mg, K • Ca:P 2 : 1 ratio • Trace Minerals • Iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, cobalt, chromium?

  19. Ca P MINERAL INTERACTIONS Key Interactions Na P S K Co F K Mg Mo, S Cu As Fe Zn Cu Fe Zn, Cu Zn Se Mg Ca I Cl Cu Mo Mn

  20. VITAMINS • Microbes in the rumen will synthesize B-vitamins • Supplement fat-soluble vitamins • Vitamin A, E and D3 • Vitamin E requirements have increased with the new NRC nutrient guidelines

  21. NUTRITIONAL HOT TOPIC: • Copper! • Goats Need More Than Sheep Sheep Need 8-10 Ppm Total Diet • How Much Is Enough for Goats? • 15-25 ppm copper

  22. FEEDING • Goats are ruminants • Productivity depends on rumen function and the ability of rumen microbes to digest fiber, carbs and protein and subsequently, to supply the animal with needed nutrients • Increase grain levels slowly to avoid acidosis • Limit feeding of grains in order to maintain an optimum pH in the rumen on rumen function and the ability of rumen microbes to digest fiber, carbs and protein and subsequently, to supply the animal with needed nutrients • Complete high-fiber pelleted diets help avoid sorting and reduce the potential for acidosis.

  23. PELLETED DIETS • Goats – Don’t like Pellets????? • Not True • Goats eat what they are acustomed to • Goats – very good at sorting feed • Grains are more palatable • Long pellets – not as palatable

  24. DRY MATTER FEED INTAKE • Goats will consume 3 – 7.0% of their body weight per day • 50 lb kid: 1.5 - 2 lb per day • 150 lb doe: 2 – 3 lb per day • Goats require “amounts” of nutrients, not percentages

  25. MEDICATED DIETS FOR KIDS • YES! • Medications limited for goats • Coccidiostats approved – recommended for kids, especially on dry-lot programs • Deccox • Rumensin

  26. NUTRITIONAL HOT TOPICS: • Urinary Calculi! • Formation of Large Crystals in Urethra Female Male

  27. MANAGEMENT FACTORS: • Early Castration • Water Provision • Salt Availability • Breed – Pygmies Water, Water, Water, Water, Water, Water

  28. NUTRITIONAL FACTORS: • HIGH Phosphorus (P) • Calcium to :P Imbalance • Urinary Acidifier • Ammonium Chloride

  29. GOAT MINERAL • Properly Formulated for all Breeds at All Life-Stages • Mineral Balance to Enhance Available Forages • Goat Specific Formula (same as 25# formula) • 1.2:1 Ca to P • Copper = “No Sheep” • Encourage H20 consumption for urinary health • “Wind & Rain” technology • 25# Bag

  30. SUMMARY • Goats are Unique • Manage for Success • Have Fun! • Now, Here’s KGB on Products!

  31. FEEDING GOATS FOR SHOW Dr. Kevin Burgoon Nutritionist

  32. NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS • Factors affecting nutrient requirements • Gender (sex of animal) • Stage of growth • Performance (growth vs visual) • Lean growth potential • Environment • Health Status

  33. NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS Avg Animal Top 10% (Show animals)

  34. HSC SHOWGOAT PROGRAM • N-Timidator Goat Ration R-20 • X-Clamation Goat DX

  35. HIGH OCTANE SUPPLEMENTS • POWER FUEL • Improve cover • Improve feed efficiency • Improve circulation & respiratory systems • 4 to 8 ounces per day • CHAMPION DRIVE • Improve top shape • Improve muscle definition • 8 ounces per day

  36. PUSHING • N-Timidator / HSC X-Clamation 4% of bodyweight • ½ lbs per day (or more) High Octane Power Fuel • ½ lbs per day Champion Drive Topdress

  37. LIMITING WEIGHT GAIN • N-Timidator / HSC X-Clamation 1 to 1 1/2 lbs per day • High Octane Power Fuel ¼ lbs per day • Champion Drive Topdress ¼ lbs per day

  38. ADDED DIMENSION • More cover – Power Fuel • More top – Champion Drive

  39. Questions ?

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