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ST(D or I)s and Safer Sex

ST(D or I)s and Safer Sex. What is a Sexually Transmitted?. Sexually Transmitted Disease or Sexually Transmitted Infection?. Common Bacterial ST(d orI ). Bacterial Vaginosis Chlamydia Gonorrhea Syphilis. Common Viral ST(D or I)s. HIV Herpes Human Papillomavirus.

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ST(D or I)s and Safer Sex

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  1. ST(D or I)s and Safer Sex

  2. What is a Sexually Transmitted? Sexually Transmitted Disease or Sexually Transmitted Infection?

  3. Common Bacterial ST(d orI) • Bacterial Vaginosis • Chlamydia • Gonorrhea • Syphilis

  4. Common Viral ST(D or I)s • HIV • Herpes • Human Papillomavirus

  5. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) • Not just sexual transmission • Anyone with a vagina can get it • Upset in the natural bacterial balance of the vagina • One over grows • Makes you more susceptible to STDs

  6. BV Symptoms • May have no symptoms at all! • Discharge • Odor • Pain • Itching • Burning • Sometimes confused with a yeast infection

  7. Increases Risk • Douching • New Sex Partner • Multiple Sex partners

  8. Chlamydia • Bacterial Infection • Chlamydia trachomatis • Can infect vagina, penis, anus, throat • “Silent infection” • Often no symptoms • Irreversible damage before you know it • Untreated can lead to infertility in women-Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) • Long term complications in men are rare • Easy to treat if recognized!

  9. Chlamydia Symptoms • abnormal vaginal/penis discharge • burning sensation when urinating • Men: itching or burning around head of penis

  10. Gonorrhea • Bacterial • Neisseria gonorrhoeae • Sites of infection • Anus, eyes, mouth, genitals, or throat • Leads to infertility if untreated • Still easy to treat in USA…this could change

  11. Symptoms by site • Penis: burning sensation when urinating, or a white, yellow, or green discharge burning sensation when urinating, or a white, yellow, or green discharge • Vagina: often none…or mild and mistaken for a bladder infection • Rectal: pain, discharge, or bleeding • Oral: Maybe sore throat but often none

  12. Diagnosis of Gonorrhea and Chlamydia • Lab testing needed • Culture: Swab site of infection • DNA test: Urine or swab of infection site • Can’t tell the difference by examination!

  13. Syphilis • Bacterial infection making a comeback • Much more complicated to investigate and treat than chlamydia and gonorrhea • Symptoms vary by stage • Majority of cases in northwest are in MSM

  14. Transmission • Direct contact with a syphilis sore • Sores occur mainly on the external genitals, vagina, anus, or in the rectum. • Sores also can occur on the lips and in the mouth. • Transmission of the organism occurs during vaginal, anal, or oral sex

  15. Primary Syphilis (1-90 days after infection) • Usually a single sore , but there may be multiple sores. • Usually firm, round, small, and painless. • The sorelasts 3 to 6 weeks, and it heals without treatment. • However, if adequate treatment is not administered, the infection progresses to the secondary stage.

  16. Primary Syphilis • One shot to treat! • Only time you are contagious!

  17. Secondary Syphilis • Rash-usually on the palms of hands and soles of feet • Still can be treated with 1 shot at this stage • Not contagious • Progress to Late Syphilis if not treated

  18. Latent Syphilis • Infection is present in body but not doing any damage • Still treatable! • About 15% will progress to Late syphilis if NOT treated

  19. Late Syphilis • Approximately 10-20 years after first infected • Irreversible damage to organs • brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints. • Signs and symptoms • difficulty coordinating muscle movements, • paralysis, numbness, gradual blindness, and dementia • death

  20. Syphilis Diagnosis • Blood Test • Symptom Assessment • If in doubt, treat with 3 shots

  21. Prevention (don’t get it in the first place) • Condoms • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EdSq2HB7jqU • Dental Dams • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZv5kLuZrBY

  22. Prevent Spread • Identify and treat partners of cases • This is the responsibility of health care providers and public health! • In WA health care providers can give free medication to the PARTNERS of patients who test positive for chlamydia & gonorrhea • In Clark County Public health investigates all syphilis and gonorrhea cases! • All chlamydia cases for those known to be high risk

  23. Why is learning about these important? • Having any other STD/I increases your risk of contracting HIV • In WA about 30% of syphilis cases are co infected with HIV

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