Research Overview: What Sayeem Has Been Doing?

1. Research Overview: What Sayeem Has Been Doing? Abu (Sayeem) Reaz University of California, Davis, USA National Instruments Interview February 09, 2011

2. Earliest Multi-Hop Network Betterment of networks using feasibletechnologies Andreas J. Kassler, Research Opportunities at Karlstads Universitet

3. Presentation Overview • PhD Research • Routing over Wireless and Optical Access • Asymmetric “Capacity” Deployment and Resource Assignment • Integrating Cloud in Access Network and Green Routing • Wireless Highway for 3G Backhaul • IPTV Stream Generator • MS Research • Location Management using DNS • Multi-class (Vertical) Handoff Management • Secure Paging in Handoff Management • Opportunity for Contribution to NI • Problem Solving • Programming and Development

4. PhD Research

5. Network Architecture: WOBAN (1)

6. Network Architecture: WOBAN (2) • WOBAN: Wireless-Optical Broadband Access Network • Deploy broadband access network with minimum wiring: cost effective • An optimal combination of optical and wireless network to minimize cost and maximize utilization and performance • Back-end: Optical access network, e.g., Passive Optical Network (PON)‏ • Front-end: Multi-hop Wireless Mesh Network (WMN)‏ • Optical Scenario: • Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) at Central Office (CO) are connected to Optical Network Units (ONUs) via fiber • ONUs are connected to the wireless access network via gateways • Wireless Scenario: • A set of wireless routers form a wireless mesh network: end users are connected to nearby router • Some wireless routers work as gateways, connecting the wireless network to optical network

7. Why? WMN + PON We like to have our cake and eat it too!

8. Routing: The Big Picture Efficient routing across WMN and PON: Shortest Delay

9. WMN: Divide the Capacity Asymmetric

10. PON: Native Routing Downstream: Broadcast Upstream: Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation

11. Data Flow Downstream Upstream

12. Summary

13. Asymmetry in WOBAN Traffic flows to and from the OLT Bottleneck near the Gateways Flow Aggregation

14. As a Result… Many “links” are not even used! Not all nodes need the same Capacity Traffic on Links (Mbps)

15. Mixed Capacity Wireless Access Deploy radio where needed!

16. Radio Deployment: MILP

17. Summary

18. Resource Assignment: Challenges Asymmetric Capacity and Flow Need to assign both Radio and Channel

19. Traffic Aggregation Smoother instantaneous burstiness! http://www.ams-ix.net/technical/stats/

20. Channel Assignment: BLP Intelligent Channel and Radio Assignment (ICRA)

21. Summary

22. Bringing Service to Users Service = Content and/or Application Can we bring them to closer to users? Cloud-Integrated WOBAN (CIW) Alix Boards Clougplug

23. Service Access: Traditional

24. Service Access: CIW

25. What Can We Gain • Adds value to the network  Competitive Edge • “Now I want to use this network!!” • Remove device dependencies • Any common interface: possibly a browser • Local services requests are delivered locally • No/Limited traffic introduced to wireless backhaul • More room for regular mesh traffic • Service traffic moves away from gateways • Bottleneck reduced • Local updates remains local • Likelihood of stale information becomes low

26. Wisper Firetide Aruba/Tropos/Meraki Implementations

27. Deployment of CC: MILP

28. Summary

29. Green Routing in CIW (GRC) Different part of the network is busy at different time of the day

30. GRC Instead of pack-and-turnoff, utilize the architecture of WOBAN: Selective Turnoff and Load Balance 3. Load balance for each pipe 2. Create BW Pipe for each Zone 1. Split into Zones

31. Path Computation: Auxiliary Graph

32. Summary

33. AT&T’s 3G cell sites are backhauled primarily through T1 lines, which, while adequate in the early days of UMTS, wind up becoming a choke point as AT&T upgrades to faster and faster network technologies. 3G Backhaul Connected Planet, Jan, 2010, http://connectedplanetonline.com/3g4g/news/att-doubles-3g-010510/

34. 3G Architecture Is fiber capacity properly utilized? Is copper a bottleneck? Single point of failure?

35. Without Huge Investment… • Can we develop a methodology to • utilize fiber capacity • reduce copper bottleneck • create alternate paths for failure recovery • provide better service quality to high bandwidth application - Broadcast TV to UE An Overlay Networkadjunct to the existing 3G network using High Capacity Wireless Links

36. Overlay Network Architecture Links become backup of each other P2P High Capacity Wireless Link Load Sharing

37. The Big Picture Multiple Overlays Any size, any shape

38. Overlay Placement: MILP

39. Summary

40. The WMN Version of the Problem We have also investigated how an Overlay Network can be deployed in WMN Because of the interference within the WMN, this is actually a “harder” problem

41. and the Formulation without the Details…

42. Summary A 43-Node WMN with 3 Gateways Tested for deployment of 1, 2, and 3 overlay links

43. I and B Frame from Trace Correlated yet Different!

44. I and B Frame: Distribution We need to generate I and B frames separately Lognormal distribution closely approximates the frame size distribution of I and B frames M. Krunz and H. Hughes, “A traffic model for MPEG-coded VBR streams,'' Proc., ACM SIGMETRICS, 1995.

45. Ik Ik+1 ∆ New Scene Videos are constructed with scenes! Scene length is important: Within a scene, I frame sizes are close to each other… If ∆ is significant, then it’s a new scene! M. Krunz and H. Hughes, “A traffic model for MPEG-coded VBR streams,'' Proc., ACM SIGMETRICS, 1995.

46. Scene Length Distribution

47. Variation Within a Scene We use the relative sizes of all the I frames in a scene compared to the first I frame Addresses the variations within a scene

48. Data Rate on 10G EPON Each frame size was picked from corresponding Lognormal distribution, but relation between scenes is not considered Increased and continuous burstiness

49. Relative I Frame Size We use the relative sizes of the first I frame in every scene and generate subsequent I frame sizes in the scene from the first I frame size

50. Relative B Frame Size We use the relative B frame sizes compared to the I frame size in a GoP