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The STAR-RICH

The STAR-RICH. Gerd J. Kunde, Yale. Background Transition Performance. Measurements Summary. STAR Au+Au Central Collision at 200 GeV. TPC. RICH. STAR-RICH. The STAR-RICH The HMPID Prototype. Device Characteristics construction components Heavy Ion Environment

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The STAR-RICH

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  1. The STAR-RICH Gerd J. Kunde, Yale • Background • Transition • Performance • Measurements • Summary Pylos June 2002

  2. STAR Au+Au Central Collision at 200 GeV TPC RICH Pylos June 2002 STAR-RICH

  3. The STAR-RICHThe HMPID Prototype • Device Characteristics • construction • components • Heavy Ion Environment • Particle Identification Pylos June 2002

  4. Device Characteristics • Extend PID beyond TPC TOF: • 1 < p < 3 GeV/c p K • 2 < p < 5 GeV/cp • 160 x 85 cm2  1.2 m2 • Radial Distance of 2.4 m • |y| < 0.2 Pylos June 2002

  5. Radiator C6F14 Liquid Photo Converter CsI l < 210 (nm) Ionization Detector MWPC pad chamber CH4 Gas Components • Developed by CERN RD-26 in ALICE framework headed by F. Piuz, E. Nappi • ALICE RICH Prototype Module (1.2 m2) 80 mm Pylos June 2002

  6. STAR-RICH PicturesBari/Cern/Yale STAR-RICH Collaboration • RICH at CERN : Testbeam Setup in ‘98 • RICH at BNL: Installation into STAR Magnet in ‘99 Pylos June 2002

  7. RICH in Aluminum Safety Box Buffer Volume N2 Temperature probes under Slow Control Gas detectors have be calibrated to Methane Closed Liquid System Transfer of liquid under nitrogen Construction of NEW LV Distribution Boards made with FR4 Response to BNL Safety Review :-( Pylos June 2002

  8. Mechanical Design Completed in ‘99 • RICH • Safety Box with Nitrogen Flow • 5 o’clock West • Width: 7 Rails • Cables/Tubes in Trays Pylos June 2002

  9. Mechanical Design • Safety Box • Gas Flow with Nitrogen • Front Panel • Back Panel • Thermal Shield • Kinematic Mount Pylos June 2002

  10. Gas System • Relative Pressures Regulated by Bubblers • Chamber • 2.3 mbar CH4 • 3.1 mbar Ar • Safety Box • 1.8 mbar Pylos June 2002

  11. Gas Requirements and Shipment talk to F. Piuz to hear the fun details • O2 & H2O hazardous to CsI • Must Deliver Clean Anhydrous Gas • CH4 Flow Rate of  30 l hr-1 • Ar Purge/Buffer Flow at 60 l hr-1 Exposure Limits Test Allowed Shipment Pylos June 2002

  12. Liquid System • CsI Photo-Converter • Vacuum Ultra-Violet (VUV) g • Liquid Radiator • ~100L of C6F14 • Closed Recirculation/Cleaning • VUV Transparency Monitor Pylos June 2002

  13. Liquid System II • Inert Liquid • Fluoro Inert PF5060DL • Closed Recirculation System • Gravity Feed to/from Distribution Rack • SS Pipes • 3 Overpressure Relief Valves Pylos June 2002

  14. EPICS Temperatures HV-System LV-System Slow Control • Gas System • Alan Bradley PLC • Interlock • EPICS Control • Liquid System • Siemens PLC • VME-Scalers Pylos June 2002

  15. Electronics • GASSIPLEX CMOS 1.5 mm technology • Charge Pre-amp, Shaper, and Track and Hold Stage • Pad Readout ONLY • 11 bit Dynamic Range  .17 fC/channel • Event Rate allows 700 ns Integration • Multiplexed 16 Analog Channels MCM • STAR Trigger Rate few Hz • STAR-L0 at 1.8 microseconds ! • Fast Clear Logic with Pretrigger ! • Heat Generation • 6mW channel-1 => ~100 W/16k channels • concern for liquid dn/dT = 5x10-4oC-1 Pylos June 2002

  16. Photo Electrons Charged Particles Pad Chamber • 2-D Cathode Pad Readout • 500 nm CsI Layer on Pads • 8.0 x 8.4 mm2 • 15360k pads • Dynamic Range • Single Electron • MIP detection • Chamber Stability • Ambient Pressure :-) • CH4Chamber Gas • Quenching • High Photo-Electron Emission Efficiency Pylos June 2002

  17. Radiator • Liquid C6F14 • Index of Refraction 1.29 • pth = 1.26 mc (GeV/c) • Match Spectral Sensitivity of CsI p K  p  Ring Radii * Proximity Focussing * Normally Incident Tracks Pylos June 2002

  18. Liquid Again • Oxygen and Water Pylos June 2002

  19. Clean Liquid ! Pylos June 2002

  20. How long it takes to get there .... Pylos June 2002

  21. Determination of Cherenkov Angle • Resolution • 12.0mrad single g • 3.0mrad ring average • Cern Test Beam Determination • 350 GeV/c p - • Normal Incidence Pylos June 2002

  22. Alignment in STAR • Track Extrapolation • sdrift = 2.7 mm • sbend = 3.1 mm • Near Expected Resolution • 8.0 x 8.4 mm2 pads • 4 mm anode wire pitch • 2 mm anode-cathode spacing Pylos June 2002

  23. Effect of: Track Incidence Angle Proximity Focussing Ring Azimuth Angles 180o 90o 60o Cherenkov Light is Internally Reflected at an Angle of ~10o The STAR Environment Normal Incidence 10o Incidence 20o Incidence Pylos June 2002

  24. Golden Event • Illustrative Example • Separation Possible • Signal/Background is Large • Proximity Focussing produces “Rings” • Both Pion and Kaon Emerge • Size of MIP and g Pylos June 2002

  25. Event Characteristics Pixel Occupancy <5% more central Peripheral Central Pylos June 2002

  26. Separation Achieved ! Pylos June 2002

  27. Number of Photons in Real Analysis Average Number is limited due to Incident Angle Range Pylos June 2002

  28. pbar/p Ratio in STAR pbar/p ratio Pylos June 2002

  29. Summary • STAR-RICH project has been extremely successful • Prototype RICH Chamber in Operation at STAR • Performance as Expected • Two Successful Physics Runs • Stable Operation over 3 years ! • Particle Identification • Consistent Results • Controlled Systematics • Not just Detector Test but Physics ! Pylos June 2002

  30. ~400 STAR Collaborators/Institutions Brazil: Universidade de Sao Paolo China: IHEP - Beijing, IPP - Wuhan England: University of Birmingham France: Institut de Recherches Subatomiques Strasbourg, SUBATECH - Nantes Germany: Max Planck Institute Munich, University of Frankfurt India: Institute of Physics - Bhubaneswar, VECC Calcutta, Panjab University - Chandrigrarh, University of Rajasthan - Jaipur, Jammu University, IIT -Bombay Poland: Warsaw University, Warsaw University of Technology Russia: MEPHI – Moscow, LPP/LHE JINR – Dubna, IHEP - Protvinoh U.S. Labs: Argonne, Berkeley, and Brookhaven National Laboratories U.S. Universities: Arkansas, UC Berkeley, UC Davis, UCLA, Carnegie Mellon, Creighton, Indiana, Kent State, MSU, CCNY, Ohio State, Penn State, Purdue, Rice, Texas A&M, UT Austin, Washington, Wayne State, Yale Pylos June 2002

  31. STAR-RICH Collaboration Y.Andres1, A.Braem1, M.Calderon2, N.Colonna3, D. Cozza3 , M.Davenport1, L. Dell’Olio3, D. DiBari3, A. DiMauro1, J.C.Dunlop2, D.Elia3, E.Finch4, R.Fini3, D. Fraissard1, B.Ghidini3, B. Goret1, R.Gregory1, J.W.Harris2, M.Horsley2, G.J.Kunde2, B.Lasiuk2, Y. Lescenechal1, R.D.Majka4, P.Martinengo1, A.Morsch1, E.Nappi3, G.Paic1, F.Piuz1, F.Posa3, J.Raynaud1, J.Sandweiss4, J.C.Santiard1, E.Schyns1, N.Smirnov2, S.Stucchi3, G.Tomasicchio3, J. Van Beelen1, T.D. Williams1, Z. Xu4 CERN HMPID Group Yale Relativistic Heavy Ion Group Bari HMPID Group Yale High Energy Group My Personal Special Thanks to F. Piuz !!!!!!!!!!!! Pylos June 2002

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