10/9 Focus :

1. 10/9 Focus: • Geographic conditions in the Indus River Valley allowed for the development of civilization on the Indian subcontinent • Seasonal monsoons were and continue to be an important factor in the life of people on the Indian subcontinent • Do Now: • What is a peninsula?

2. River Valley CivilizationsThe Indus Valley Geography of South Asia (Indian Subcontinent)

3. The Indus Valley civilization developed around 2,500 B.C. in the western part of South Asia

4. Indian Subcontinent • Landmass that includes the modern day nations of: • India • Pakistan • Bangladesh • Separated from Asia by large mountain ranges in the North • Himalayas • Hindu Kush • Karakoram

6. Indian Subcontinent • Southern half is large peninsula • Peninsula • Landmass with water on three sides

7. Geographic Regions • Three distinct geographic regions • Mountains in the north • Deccan Plateau • Northern Plains

8. Mountains • Kept climate subtropical • Limited contact with other groups • Ways through the Mts. • Khyber Pass • Mountain pass in the Hindu Kush • Allowed movement into the Indus Valley • Thar Desert

11. Khyber Pass is still an important way through the mountains today

12. Deccan Plateau • Plateau • Raised, flat area of land • Dry, Arid region in the center of the subcontinent

13. Northern Plains • Three rivers pass through this area • Indus • Ganges • Brahmaputra • Silt from flooding made the soil fertile • Civilizations developed here

14. Monsoons • Seasonal winds • Summer • Heavy rains, warm air • Winter • Cool, Dry air

16. Monsoons • Brought rain needed for crops • Led to flooding of rivers and creation of fertile silt

18. Environmental Challenges • Floods along the Indus unpredictable • river can change course • Rainfall unpredictable; could have droughts or floods