Catalyst 5 /12/14

1. Catalyst 5/12/14 Write down and answer the following question on your Catalyst sheet: What is the main difference between barbiturates and benzodiazepines?

2. Caffeine 5/12/14

3. How much do you know about caffeine? TRUE OR FALSE: 1. Caffeine isn’t addictive 2. Caffeine is not as dangerous as other drugs 3. Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world 4. A can of Coke has more caffeine than a cup of coffee 5. Caffeine makes you pee more

4. Answers 1. False 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. True

6. Caffeine • Stimulant • Temporarily increases physical and mental functions • Legal & found in a wide variety of products • Soft drinks • Coffee • Tea • Chocolate • Most popular drug on the planet! • 120,000 tons consumed per year

7. Sources of Caffeine Coffee beans Kola nuts (cola) Cocoa beans (chocolate) Guarana (energy drinks)

8. Effects of Caffeine • Increased alertness • Increased focus • Improved physical performance • Increased urinary output (you pee more) • Anxiety (“the jitters”) • Caffeinism = caffeine addiction • Nervousness, irritability, restlessness, headaches

9. How Caffeine Works There is a chemical called adenosine that is made naturally in the body Adenosine suppresses brain & nerve activity and blocks release of certain neurotransmitters Caffeine works by blocking adenosine action When caffeine blocks adenosine, there is more release of neurotransmitters, leading to stimulating effects

10. Mini-Lab: Caffeine & Memory We just talked about how caffeine improves brain activity and focus… Does it also improve memory?

11. Mini-Lab: Caffeine & Memory • The class will be split into two groups: Group A and Group B • Both groups will perform Memory Test 1 at the same time • Remember and write down as many numbers as you can after looking at the numbers for 30 seconds • One group will drink soda that is caffeinated, the other group will drink soda without caffeine • Both groups will perform Memory Test 2 at the same time

12. Caffeine Video

13. Post-Lab Reflection Questions • Why was the name of the soda hidden from you during the experiment? • Was there a placebo effect? How do you know? • Placebo effect = effect that is observed even without the actual drug • What would you do differently next time for better results?

14. 10.6 Cocaine 5/12/14

16. Cocaine • Stimulant • Temporarily increases physical and mental functions • Increases alertness, feelings of well-being, energy, and activity • Increases anxiety, paranoia, and restlessness • Comes from the coca plant

17. History of Cocaine • South American indigenous peoples have chewed coca leaves for over a thousand years • Late 1800s - Used as a painkiller medicine • 1980s - Crack cocaine sold by drug dealers and became popular in Los Angeles, leading to the crack epidemic • Crack cocaine is a cheaper, smokeableform of cocaine

18. Coca-Cola ad (1902)

19. Drugs, Inc.: Cocaine Follow along with the documentary and answer the questions in your notes

20. Achieve3000 Time! • Go to www.achieve3000.com on your iPads • Go to Mailbox, then click on “5/12/14 Assignment: Mind-Bending Technology” • Do the following: • Before Reading Poll • Article • Activity • After Reading Poll