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Autism

Autism. Developmental Awareness and Screenings Becky LaMont MSN, APN-CNP & L Kennell. Links. CDC facts on Autism CDC website signs 1 — see stimming behaviors, poor eye contact, repetitive movements. Autism Key is operated by parents of children with autism spectrum disorders.

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Autism

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  1. Autism Developmental Awareness and Screenings Becky LaMont MSN, APN-CNP & L Kennell

  2. Links • CDC facts on Autism • CDC website • signs 1—see stimming behaviors, poor eye contact, repetitive movements. • Autism Key is operated by parents of children with autism spectrum disorders.

  3. Autism Spectrum Disorder Facts • Present at birth, with onset of symptoms before 36 months • Accurate diagnosis possible at 18-24 months • Parents first voice concerns around 18 months, but diagnosis is typically not until 3 years or older

  4. ASD Facts: Epidemiology • ASD more prevalent in pediatric population than: • Cancer, Diabetes and Downs Syndrome • Male to female ratio: 4 to 1 • Diagnostic rate increase 1:20 then 1:4 • Genes are one of the risk factors that can make a person more likely to develop ASD CDC 2018, AAP, Autism Speaks 2007

  5. Statistics keep changing • To current CDC stats of 1 in 59 • 1 in 37 boys and 1 in 151 girls--2018 • To current Easter Seals stats of 1 in 68 (2016)

  6. What is Autism? • Neurodevelopmental disorder with a spectrum of clinical conditions • 3 areas of dysfunction: • Social interaction/social relatedness difficulty • Communication impairment • Restrictive/repetitive behaviors and interests

  7. The Spectrum

  8. Typical DevelopmentJoint Attention • 2 mo. Shared smiles • 9 mo. Follows a point • 12 mo. Point to request Language soon follows joint attention, No joint attention, no need to share language.

  9. Typical DevelopmentSocial Interaction • 4 mo. Interest in faces, smiles shared • 9 mo. Orients to name • 12 mo. Uses gesture to get needs met • 15 mo. Check expressions, check this! • 18 mo. Pretend play, attracts attention • 24 mo. Enjoys playing by others, gives toys

  10. Typical DevelopmentPlay Behavior • 4-12 mo Sensor motor • 12+ Functional Play • 16mo Symbolic Play • 30+ Imaginative Play

  11. Language Delay:Absolute indications for immediate evaluation 9 months: No babbling 12 months: No pointing or other gestures 16 months: No single words 24 months: No functional 2-word phrases (echolalia-child repeats verbal information stated by others, repetition of an utterance) Any loss of language or social skills

  12. ASD Basics Summary • Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a broad spectrum of behavioral manifestations. • Early awareness and intervention are key. • It’s OK to discuss concerns.

  13. Challenging Behaviors • Stimming: Repetitive, Stereotyped, and Sometimes Self-Injurious Behaviors • Restricted Interests: Obsessions, "Special Topics", and Attention Deficits • Insistence on Sameness • Sensory Issues: Seeking and Avoiding • Mood Instability and Meltdowns • Activities of Daily Living

  14. Myths- • “Refrigerator Mothers”—putting causation of autism on mothers. Now less evidence on this theory (Weintraub, 2011). • Others? • Too much sugar • Lack of discipline

  15. Stir the pot • Conflict of interest?— • Research from the AAP

  16. Final thoughts • Autism speaks resource—assisting with speech

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