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THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. CREATION OF A NEW WORLDVIEW. Questioning of old knowledge & assumptions. Gradual replacement of religious & superstition presumptions. Gradual rise of science & reason. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS.

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THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

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  1. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

  2. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION CREATION OF A NEW WORLDVIEW • Questioning of old knowledge & assumptions • Gradual replacement of religious & superstition presumptions • Gradual rise of science & reason

  3. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS • PTOLEMY: Geocentricism • NICOLAUS COPERNICUS (1473-1543): Heliocentrisim • TYCHO BRAHE (1546-1601): More accurate position of planets • JOHANNES KEPLER, (1571-1630): Elliptical planetary movement

  4. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS • GALILEO GALILEI(1564-1642) • Constructed first telescope • Described motion of bodies on earth

  5. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION NEW DIRECTIONS IN ASTRONOMY & PHYSICS • ISAAC NEWTON (1642-1727) • Universal Gravitation: combined laws of planetary & earth motion • Numerous practical applications

  6. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION DISCOVERIES IN OTHER SCIENCES • Botany: new medical applications • Anatomy: better understand of how human body worked • Microscope invented

  7. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT • FRANCIS BACON (1561-1626) • Inductive reasoning: working from particular to general conclusions • Empiricism & scientific method

  8. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT • RENÉ DESCARTES (1596-1650) • Geometry: any algebraic formula could be plotted as curve in space • Deductive Reasoning: starting with general assumptions & working downward • Cartesian Dualism: division of reality into “thinking substance” & “extended substance”

  9. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION POLITICAL THOUGHT • THOMAS HOBBES (1588-1679) • Negative, mechanistic view of human nature • Strong sovereign necessary to control conflicting desires Hobbe’s Leviathan

  10. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION POLITICAL THOUGHT • JOHN LOCKE (1632-1704) • TABULA RASA: humans born with blank slate • Government & public enter contract

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