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DWV Fundamentals

4a. Drain, Waste, Vent. Chapter 2,5,6 Appendix C (Wentz) and  8.3 - 8.5 (Toa)   . DWV Fundamentals. Plumbing Systems CNST 305 Environmental Systems 1 Dr. Berryman. P Trap. Integral Traps. Trap. Uses water seal to prevent backflow of gasses into building. Venting.

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DWV Fundamentals

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  1. 4a Drain, Waste, Vent Chapter 2,5,6 Appendix C (Wentz) and  8.3 - 8.5 (Toa)    DWV Fundamentals Plumbing Systems CNST 305 Environmental Systems 1 Dr. Berryman

  2. P Trap Integral Traps Trap • Uses water seal to prevent backflow of gasses into building

  3. Venting • Removes dangerous odors and explosive gasses • Prevents • Positive pressure • Negative pressure If not properly vented, a waste slug could either blow out or siphon the trap seal

  4.  Venting (cont.) • Drainage systems flow by gravity • As such: EVERY TRAP or PLUMBING FIXTURE MUST HAVE A VENT

  5. Isometric Diagrams

  6. Circuit Vent Loop Vent Combining Vents

  7. Example Isometric Diagram

  8. Design Guidelines for Drain and Waste (for most codes) • All traps must be vented • The waste stack cannot be smaller the the largest horizontal branch connecting to the stack • 4” branch cannot connect to a 3” stack • At least one waste stack same as building drain • No branch pipe smaller than the one that proceeds it • Above ground cannot be less that 1¼” • Below ground cannot be less than 2”

  9. Design Guidelines for Drain and Waste (cont.) • 1 ¼” drain pipe can handle on 1 DFU • A drain line cannot be smaller than the trap arm to which it is connected • Use 4” trap arm for floor mounted water closets • Some codes do allow 3” (however, this is not generally recommended)

  10. Design Guidelines for Vents (for most codes) • Above ground venting cannot be less than 1 ¼” • 1 ¼” vent can handle on 1 DFU • Underground venting cannot be less than 2” in diameter • Vents must be a certain distance from the trap that it serves • (tble 19 ANSI A40 1993 Standard)

  11. Design Guidelines for Vents (cont.) • An individual vent must not be less than ½ the size of the drain that it connects • 4” drain cannot connect to any pipe less than 2” in diameter • An individual vent should not be larger than the drain that it connects • Downstream piping always bigger than the upstream section • Downstream, in its natural state, is going OUT of the building

  12. Design Guidelines for Vents (cont.) • A vent line must be 6” above flood level rim of the fixture before turning horizontal • Branch vents must slope toward a drain • Some codes require that at least one of the building’s VTR be 4” in diameter or larger

  13. 4bc Drain, Waste, Vent Chapter 2,5,6 Appendix C (Wentz) and  8.3 - 8.5 (Toa)    Next Time • Sizing DWV

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