The Athletic Trainer and the Sports Medicine Team

1. The Athletic Trainer and the Sports Medicine Team Introduction

2. Sports Medicine • Athletic Training • Biomechanics • Exercise Physiology • Medical Practice • Physical Therapy • Sport Nutrition • Sport Psychology • Massage Therapy

3. Athlete’s Circle of Care • Those individuals involved in the care of the athlete • Includes sports medicine professionals • Others associated with athletics such as other medical professionals and parents

4. Sports Medicine Team: • Team Physician—absoluteauthority in determining participation status • Athletic Trainer • Coach • Athlete

5. Sports Medicine Umbrella • Human Performance • Exercise Physiology • Biomechanics • Sport Psychology • Strength & Conditioning Specialist • Nutritionist • Massage Therapist • Injury Prevention & Recognition • Practice of Medicine • Physician • Physician Assistant • Physical Therapy • Physical Therapist • Physical Therapist Asst. • Athletic Training

6. Athletic Training & the ATC • The rendering of specialized care (prevention, recognition, evaluation and care of injuries) to individuals involved in exercise and athletics. • Certified Athletic Trainer: highly educated and skilled professional who specializes in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries

7. Title IX • Federal legislation in effect since 1972 • Prohibits discrimination in school athletic participation on the basis of sex • Tremendous increase in female athletic participation, creating an even greater need for qualified certified athletic trainers

8. History and Development of Athletic Training • Galan, gladiators in ancient Rome • Renaissance, human body actively studied • Leonardo da Vinci, great contributor during Renaissance • 19th century firm establishment of intercollegiate & interscholastic sports • The Trainer’s Bible • 1917, Dr. S.E. Bilik • First major text on athletic training and the care of athletic injuries

9. History and Development of Athletic Training • Cramer Family (1920s) • Gardner, Kansas • Started a chemical company and began producing a liniment to treat ankle sprains • Publication of First Aider in 1932 • Family instrumental in early development of the athletic training profession • Continue to play prominent role in education of student athletic trainers

10. History and Development of Athletic Training • 1950: NATA formed, establishing professional standards for the athletic trainer • 1991: American Medical Association (AMA) recognized athletic training as allied health profession • American College of Sports Medicine (1954) promotes broadly trained physicians as an athlete’s first contact when treating an injury

11. Athletic Trainer • Preventing injuries from occurring • Providing initial first aid and injury management • Analyzing and evaluating injuries • Taping and bandaging • Implementing exercise and rehabilitation programs for athletes • Using various modalities and training equipment • Recording, organizing, and storing information on injuries and rehabilitation

12. Requirements for Certification • Must graduate from an undergraduate or graduate program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) • Pass certification examination • Maintain certification with continuing education

13. CAATE Programs in NC • Appalachain State • Barton College • Campbell University • Catawba College • East Carolina • Gardner-Webb • Greensboro College • High-Point University • Lees-McRae College • Lenoir-Rhyne University • Mars Hill College • Methodist University • NC Central University • Shaw University • UNC – Chapel Hill, Charlotte, Grteensboro, Wilmington & Pembroke • Western Carolina • Wingate University

14. Human anatomy Human physiology Psychology Kinesiology Biomechanics Exercise physiology Personal community health Nutrition Prevention of athletic injuries/illness Evaluation of athletic injuries/illness Therapeutic modalities Therapeutic exercise Administration of athletic training programs Core Curriculum

15. First aid and emergency care General medical conditions and disabilities Health care administration Medical ethics and legal issues Pathology of injury/illness Pharmacology Professional development and responsibilities Psychosocial intervention and referral Risk management and injury/illness prevention Strength training and reconditioning Statistics and research design Weigh management and body composition Core Curriculum cont.

16. Purpose of Certification • To establish standards for entry into the profession of athletic training • Standards set by the National Athletic Trainers’ Association Board of Certification (NATABOC) www.nataboc.org

17. Certification Examination • Fulfill requirements • Tested in 6 domains: • Prevention of athletic injuries • Recognition, evaluation & assessment of injuries • Immediate care of injuries • Treatment, rehabilitation, & reconditioning of athletic injuries • Health care administration • Professional development & responsibility

18. Roles and Responsibilities of the Athletic Trainer • Preventative • Recognition, Evaluation, and Immediate Care • Rehabilitation Course of Action • Administration • Professional Development • Personal Skills

19. 1. Preventative • Pre-Participation Screening (PPE) • Conditioning • Total body • Sport or injury specific • Monitoring Environmental Conditions • Field conditions • Weather • Properly Fitted Equipment • Educate • Parents, coaches, athletes

20. 2. Recognition, Evaluation, and Immediate Care • Emergency • Acute • Course of Action

21. 3. Rehabilitation Course of Action • Short Term • Long Term • Return to Play

22. Documentation Daily records Treatment logs Insurance Family history Medications Surgeries Written Guidelines Policy and Procedures Daily operations Rules/regulations EAP Scheduling 4. Administration

23. 5. Professional Development • Membership in Different Professional Organizations • Stay current • CEU (50/2 years) • Dues • Be active in organizations

24. 1. Know the Athlete: Medical History past/current Injuries, allergies, meds, contact lens, dental appliances Personality Low tolerance vs. high tolerance 2. Know the Sport: Fundamentals Demands of sport Same injury In one sport not cleared, in another can play 6. Personal Skills

25. 3. Remain Calm: Self calm Calm the athlete Very difficult to assess if the athlete is scared, excited, and anxious 4. Alert: Observe all athletes Limping, down, acting unusual 5. Good Judgment: Common sense Personal Skills cont.

26. Personal Skills cont. 6. Experience: • Confidence • Assessment skills 7. Patience (with): • Evaluation • Athlete • Self

27. Personal Skills cont. 8. Referral: • Record all information • Send to physician • Doubts, concerns • Clearance

28. What personal qualities make a good Athletic Trainer?

29. Empathy Flexibility Ability to adapt Stamina Ability to communicate Personability with athletes Listener (counselor) Common sense Good judgment Intellectual curiosity Education Experience Confidence Patience What personal qualities make a good Athletic Trainer?

30. Problem solving ability Deductive reasoning skills Good judgment Good decision making skills Proficient knowledge of anatomy, physiology, biology, and advanced first aid Motor skills Communication skills Ability to work well with people Ability to work well under stressful conditions Ability to maintain poise in emergencies Required Skills

31. What is the role of the athlete? Is there one?

32. Role of the Athlete • Conditioning and Fitness • Proper Nutrition • Know Risk of Sport • Report Injuries • Active Role in Rehab • Athlete’s Bill of Rights

33. Nurse School health services Orthopedist General Practioner/Family Doctor Neurologist Internist Ophthalmologist Pediatrician Psychiatrist Nutritionist Chiropractor Dentist Podiatrist Physician’s Assistant (PA) Physical Therapist (PT) Strength & Conditioning specialist Biomechanist Exercise Physiologist Sports Psychologist Massage Therapist Social Worker Support Personnel

34. Associations • NATA • NATABOC • ACSM • CAAHEP • AOSSM • NSCA

35. National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA) • Founded in 1950 (100-200 members) • Headquarters in Dallas, TX • 26,000+ members presently • Quarterly journal The Journal of Athletic Training • Annual convention • www.nata.org

36. Terminology • Sports Medicine • Certification • Registration • Licensure

37. Employment Settings • Secondary Schools • School District • College/University • Professional Teams • Sports Medicine Clinic • Industrial Setting • Hospital/Outreach • Non-traditional

38. Secondary Schools • Usually faculty-athletic trainer position • Compensation based on: • Released time from teaching • Stipend as coach • Provide limited coverage

39. School Districts • Centrally placed ATC • May be full- or part-time • Non-teacher who serves several schools • Advantage = savings • Disadvantage = lack or inadequate coverage/service

40. Small Institutions Part-time teacher, part-time athletic trainer Multiple sports Also provide coverage to intramurals & club programs Long hours Limited resources Major Institutions Full-time athletic trainers Works only for dept of athletics One sport Long hours! Abundance of resources, personnel Colleges/Universities

41. Sports Medicine Clinics • More ATCs employed in this setting than in any other • Varies from clinic to clinic • Most ATCs treat patients with sports-related injuries in am & contract out to high schools in pm • Salaries are typically slightly higher than in more traditional settings • May be responsible for marketing of sports medicine program

42. Professional Teams • Perform specific team athletic training duties for 6 months per year • Works with only one team or organization • Under contract, similar to players

43. Becoming common for ATC to work in a prevention role Oversee fitness and injury rehabilitation programs for employees Must understand concepts behind ergonomics May be assigned to conduct wellness programs & provide education and individual counseling Also employed by federal law enforcement agencies (i.e.. FBI, CIA, DEA) Industrial/Military

44. Non-Traditional • X-Games • Dance company

45. Working Relationship: • Administrators • Athletic Personnel • Parents • Allied Health Professionals