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THE PUNIC WARS

THE PUNIC WARS. THE GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME. THE PUNIC WARS (264 – 146 BC). FIRST PUNIC WAR Rome has now become the dominant power in Italy Carthage is the most powerful city state in the Mediterranean . EAST Greece Macedonia Egypt Persia. WEST Rome Carthage.

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THE PUNIC WARS

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  1. THE PUNIC WARS THE GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME

  2. THE PUNIC WARS (264 – 146 BC) • FIRST PUNIC WAR • Rome has now become the dominant power in Italy • Carthage is the most powerful city state in the Mediterranean • EAST • Greece • Macedonia • Egypt • Persia • WEST • Rome • Carthage

  3. FIRST PUNIC WAR (264 – 241 BC) • 265 – Carthage the wealthiest most technologically advanced city state going. • Relations with Rome had historically been friendly • MESSINIANS vs. SICILIANS in Sicily • Rome supports Messina • Carthage supports Sicily • Rome intervenes… • SOUND FAMILIAR? WHERE DID THIS HAPPEN BEFORE?

  4. FIRST PUNIC WAR (264 – 241BC) • ROME vs. CARTHAGE ROUND 1 • PRIZE: Control of Sicily $$ • ROME can’t compete with the superior naval fleet of Carthage • Spend 20 years building up its fleet to be able to take on Carthage • ROME wins a series of Battles and then attempts to invade Carthage and are whooped badly • 241BC – Rome wins a decisive battle breaking the fleet of Carthage • SICILY BECOMES THE FIRST OVERSEAS PROVINCE OF ROME

  5. THE SECOND PUNIC WAR (218-201BC) • In between the 2 wars Rome began expanding into Africa taking control of many city states • Carthage was able to move into Spain and start a new base of power there. • HAMILCAR BARCA – Great Carthaginian general makes his young son swear a blood-oath against Rome • That young son was HANNIBAL BARCA – ‘THE ANNIHLATOR’ • 218 BC – He took his forces from Spain across the Alps to invade Rome.

  6. GREAT ENEMIES OF ROME: #1Hannibal “THE GREAT” • HANNIBAL BARCA: • 90 000 Infantry • 12 000 Cavalry • 40 War Elephants

  7. 2nd PUNIC WAR – BATTLE OF ZAMA • HANNIBAL BARCA • 45 000 Infantry • 4000 Cavalry • 80 War Elephants • SCIPIO AFRICANUS • 34 000 Infantry • 9000 Cavalry VS.

  8. BATTLE OF ZAMA • Hannibal’s Elephants charge the Romans • Scipio has his troops blow loud horns to scare the Elephants, they turn and charge the Carthaginian left flank

  9. BATTLE OF ZAMA • The remaining elephants are let through the ‘lanes’ created by the Romans and killed • On the wings the Roman Cavalry gets the best of the Carthaginian Cavalry

  10. BATTLE OF ZAMA • The infantry engages and Hannibal's first two lines are broken.

  11. BATTLE OF ZAMA • Rearrange into a line and fight it out • The cavalry attacks Hannibal from behind • HANNIBAL is DEFEATED

  12. LEGACY OF HANNIBAL • The Romans demand his surrender but he exiles himself and goes to Greece & Asia Minor – eventually commits suicide with a note saying at least he deprived the Romans of the opportunity do it. • TAUGHT THE ROMANS FEAR • “BOOGEY MAN”

  13. THIRD PUNIC WAR (149-146BC) • CARTHAGE was weakened severely after the second war, but even in their weakened state the Senate was convinced that they would be a threat to ROME • ROME invades Carthage. • Carthage withstands the siege for 2 years • Eventually Scipio the Younger breaks through the walls and there is 7 days of blood shed until Carthage surrenders • The 700 year old city is burned and destroyed, 50 000 citizens are sold into slavery

  14. FURTHER EXPANSION • 146 BC • ROME def. King Phillip V of Macedon in Macedonian Wars • THE PUNIC WARS • 1 –Wins Rome Sicily • 2 – Destroys Carthaginian army def. Hannibal • 3 – Wins Rome North Africa & Spain At the conclusion of the Punic WarsRome pretty much controls the wholeMediterranean

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