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The Skeletal System

The Skeletal System. The Thoracic Cage. Review of Axial Skeleton. Consists of the following: The skull The vertebral column The thoracic cage Auditory ossicles and hyoid. Thoracic Cage. Consists of: 12 pair of ribs sternum. Thoracic Cage. 12 pair of ribs Sternum

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The Skeletal System

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  1. The Skeletal System The Thoracic Cage

  2. Review of Axial Skeleton • Consists of the following: • The skull • The vertebral column • The thoracic cage • Auditory ossicles and hyoid

  3. Thoracic Cage • Consists of: • 12 pair of ribs • sternum

  4. Thoracic Cage • 12 pair of ribs • Sternum • Note the costal cartilages • Note which costal cartilages • articulate directly with the • sternum (#1-7)

  5. Thoracic Cage • True Ribs • Articulate posteriorly with all 12 thoracic vertebrae • Articulate anteriorly directly with sternum via costal cartilages • Ribs #1-7

  6. Thoracic Cage • Note costal cartilage of • ribs #1-7 articulates directly • with sternum. • Costal cartilage of ribs #8-10 • articulate with the costal • cartilage of the superior rib

  7. Thoracic Cage • False Ribs • Articulate posteriorly with all 12 thoracic vertebrae (same as true ribs) • Do not articulate with the sternum directly • Articulate with the costal cartilage just superior to it • Ribs #8-12 • Ribs 11 &12 are floating ribs. They don’t have an anterior articulation. They “float”.

  8. Sternum 3 fused bones

  9. Sternum • Consists of 3 bones that will ultimately fuse by around 40 yo. • Manubrium • Body • Xiphoid process

  10. Sternum • Manubrium articulates with • clavicle, rib #1 and rib #2. • Body articulates with ribs #2-7 • Sternal angle is the articulation • of the manubrium and the body • of the sternum. This is where • rib #2 shares an articulation • with both bones. It can be • palpated and rib #2 identified.

  11. Ribs • Have the following anatomical landmarks: • HEAD – HEAD OF RIB #6 ARTICULATES WITH DEMIFACETS ON THE BODIES OF VERTEBRAE #5&6 • NECK • TUBERCLE – SERVES AS ARTICULATION WITH TRANSVERSE PROCESS OF VERTEBRA WITH SAME #. • ANGLE • COSTAL GROOVE • BODY

  12. Ribs • Head of rib 9 articulates with bodies • of vertebrae 8 and 9. • Tubercle of rib 9 articulates • with transverse process • of vertebra 9

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