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Pheromones and Animal Behavior

Leslie Vosshall June 2, 2008. Pheromones and Animal Behavior. June 2: Lecture (PPT available online). http://njc.rockefeller.edu/VosshallBN08.php. June 9: Presentations (PDFs available June 5). http://njc.rockefeller.edu/Vosshall BN08 .php. Jeff Liesch. Andres Bendesky.

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Pheromones and Animal Behavior

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  1. Leslie Vosshall June 2, 2008 Pheromones and Animal Behavior

  2. June 2: Lecture (PPT available online) http://njc.rockefeller.edu/VosshallBN08.php June 9: Presentations (PDFs available June 5) http://njc.rockefeller.edu/VosshallBN08.php Jeff Liesch Andres Bendesky

  3. David Michael Stoddart The Scented Ape : The Biology and Culture of Human Odour Tristram Wyatt Pheromones and Animal Behaviour $50 $37 Suggested Reading

  4. What do you look for in a perfect mate? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

  5. What do you look for in a perfect mate? • Same species • Opposite sex • Sexually mature • Still fertile • Good social standing • Good genes • Alive • Not a sibling • Not a parent • Receptive • Available

  6. The Problem Nocturnal moths

  7. Formula for the perfect social signal: • Cheap to transmit • Cheap to receive • Discreet • Selective • Effective in the dark/barriers • Long-range • Long-lasting • Easy homing/identification

  8. VISUAL

  9. AUDIO

  10. cockroach sex pheromone CHEMICAL Brennan & Keverne, Curr.Biol. 14:R81–R89 (2004)

  11. What is a Pheromone? ”defined chemical signal between members of the same species, eliciting a particular behavior or physiological change...”

  12. Broader Definition: Pheromones ”any chemical signal conveying information between members of the same species” Recognition of Individuals or Kin:Differences between signals essential

  13. Pheromones Health and Fitness Mate Choice/ Sexual Selection Mate Selection to Avoid Incest/Genetic Relatedness Sexual Maturation Successful Fertilization (Aquatic Animals) Kin Recognition Caste and Reproductive Status (Social Animals) Menstrual Synchrony Maternal-Infant Bonding Infant Suckling—Nipple Recognition Dominance Hierarchy Aggression Territory and Trail Marking Deception (Plant->Animal) Deception (Animal->Animal) Aggregation Intruder Alarm

  14. Semiochemicals: Infochemicals Pheromones(Communcation within species) Both Sender + Receiver benefit Allelochemicals: Between species Synomones:Both Sender + Receiver Benefit Kairomones: Receiver Benefits(Sender does not) Allomones: Sender Benefits(Receiver does not)

  15. Primer Pheromones Wyatt Book

  16. Putative evolution of Pheromones Wyatt Book

  17. Pheromones – Odor Imprinting Wyatt Book

  18. Pheromones and behavior (phenomenology)

  19. Silkmoth Bombyx mori

  20. Sex (Releaser) Pheromones

  21. Mate Quality: Courtship Pheromones monocrotaline pyrrolizidine alkaloids hydroxydanaidal Wyatt Book

  22. Marking Behavior-Mara rodent Wyatt Book

  23. Pheromones-Dominance Hierarchy

  24. Dauer pheromones-C.elegans High Density/Limiting Food

  25. Alarm Pheromones

  26. Marking Behavior-desert ant

  27. Trail Marking-leaf cutter ant

  28. Marking, Territorial Behavior-Badger Wyatt Book

  29. Mimicry: Pheromones Subverted for Deception Australian orchid D. glyptodon traps male Z.Trilobatus wasps Bolas spiders vs. moths

  30. Mate Quality: MHC (mice)

  31. Mate Quality: MHC (human)

  32. Models for the MHC Effect 1. The MHC molecule hypothesis (MHC fragments in urine and sweat) 2. The peptide hypothesis (MHC peptide metabolites in urine) 3. The microflora hypothesis (MHC shapes allele-specific populations of commensal microbes) 4. The carrier hypothesis (MHC carries volatile aromatics, including those produced by bacteria) 5. The peptide-microbe hypothesis (MHC alters odor by restricting peptides available to commensal bacteria)

  33. MHC Class I Peptides as Chemosensory Signals in the Vomeronasal Organ Trese Leinders-Zufall et al. Science 306:1033-1037, 2004

  34. Coolidge Effect (Remating with arrival of new potential mate) Bruce Effect (Pregnancy block when exposed to foreign male) Vandenbergh Effect (Males accelerate puberty in young females) Whitten Effect (Males induce oestrus in adult females) Lee-Boot Effect (Group-housed females show suppressed oestrus; oestrus synchronized by contact with males)

  35. Pheromone chemistry

  36. James Auger MoMA Where do pheromones come from? Urine Sweat Tears Other glands…

  37. Pheromone-Producing Glands-Insects Wyatt Book

  38. Pheromone-Producing Glands-Mammals Wyatt Book

  39. Luo, Fee, and Katz,Science 299: 1196-1201, 2003

  40. Manduca sexta female pheromone blend

  41. Sex Pheromones Wyatt Book

  42. Mouse mammary pheromone(THE FIRST VERIFIED MAMMALIAN PHEROMONE) Schaal et al., Nature 424, 68-72 , 2003

  43. Schaal et al., Nature 424, 68-72 , 2003

  44. Encoding social signals in the mouse main olfactory bulb(CHEMICAL CUES CAN BEEXTREMELY POTENT) Lin et al., Nature 434:470-477, 2005

  45. Lin et al., Nature 434, 470 - 477, 2005

  46. Identification of protein pheromones that promote aggressive behaviour. Chamero et al., Nature450:899-902, 2007

  47. Chamero et al., Nature 450:899-902, 2007

  48. Chamero et al., Nature 450:899-902, 2007

  49. Chamero et al., Nature 450:899-902, 2007

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