1 / 52

INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY Pongsak Mahanupab , MD. Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine

INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY Pongsak Mahanupab , MD. Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University. Path351 Aug. 2014. OBJECTIVE. 1. เพื่อให้นักศึกษาทราบขอบข่ายของวิชาพยาธิวิทยา 2. เพื่อให้นักศึกษาทราบศัพท์ที่ใช้บ่อยในวิชาพยาธิวิทยา

aphrodite-stathos
Download Presentation

INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY Pongsak Mahanupab , MD. Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY PongsakMahanupab, MD. Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Path351 Aug. 2014

  2. OBJECTIVE 1. เพื่อให้นักศึกษาทราบขอบข่ายของวิชาพยาธิวิทยา 2. เพื่อให้นักศึกษาทราบศัพท์ที่ใช้บ่อยในวิชาพยาธิวิทยา 3. เพื่อให้นักศึกษาทราบชนิดสิ่งส่งตรวจต่างๆทางพยาธิ-วิทยา

  3. Introduction to Pathology Pathology (พยาธิวิทยา) Pathos + logos The Study of Disease Pathologist (พยาธิแพทย์)

  4. Definition The branch of medicine that deals with the nature of disease and its pathogenesis; specifically, the structural and functional changes produced by injury to cells, tissue, organs or the entire organism.

  5. Disease (โรค) A departure from health or absence of comfort; specifically, a particular destructive process with a cause and pathogenesis (known or unknown), usually involving tissuechanges and characteristic symptoms, signs and course.

  6. Injury (ภยันตราย) A stimulus which damages cells, tissues, or organs; many different types. Physical – chemical - biological agents Bigger, smaller, proliferate, or die

  7. Lesion (รอยโรค) An abnormality in an organ or tissue; the result of an injury or damage; may result in impairment or loss of function Morphological changes

  8. Etiology (สมุฏฐานวิทยา) (วิชาว่าด้วยสาเหตุของโรค) The cause of a disease; can be genetic or acquire

  9. Pathogenesis (พยาธิกำเนิด) The process or series of steps by which a cause produces a disease; mechanism 1 2 3 disease

  10. Symptom (อาการ) A subjective indication of disease; what a patient feels or notices

  11. Sign (อาการแสดง) An objective indication or symptom of disease; what an observer sees or can measure

  12. Complication (อาการแทรกซ้อน) A second disease or abnormal condition occurring during the course of primary disease

  13. Cause of Death The name of a disease, abnormality, trauma or poisoning leading directly or indirectly to death

  14. Manner of Death NASHU- natural, accident, suicide, homicide, undetermined. The way in which death is caused.

  15. Diagnosis (การวินิจฉัยโรค) Dia = between, gnosis = to know The act or process of deciding the nature of a disease condition by a careful examination of the symptoms and signs; also, the decision or opinion based on that examination

  16. Differential diagnosis(การพิเคราะห์แยกโรค) A list of possible diagnoses

  17. Prognosis(การพยากรณ์โรค) A forecast, a prediction of probable course of a disease and a chance of recovery.

  18. Type of Pathology General Pathology deals with types and mechanisms of diseases Systemic Pathology deals with organ and system pathology Anatomical Pathology: cytopathology, surgical pathology, autopsy pathology

  19. Type of Pathology (cont.) 4. Clinical Pathology blood bank, chemistry, coagulation and hematopathology etc 5. Forensic Pathology medicolegal pathology (investigations, inspections, autopsy, toxicology)

  20. SPECIMENS IN PATHOLOGY 1.Surgical specimen Organs (whole or part of ) Tissue from biopsy - Excisional biopsy - Incisional biopsy

  21. Fixation Fixatives 1. 10% buffered formalin 2. Alcohol 3. Zenker’s solution 4. Bouin ‘s solution etc.

  22. STAINING Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Basophilic and Acidophilic

  23. HANDLING OF TISSUE - Tissue transfer - Fresh - Fixed - Avoid crushing , cauterization - Better avoid using gauze - Small tissue- fix immediately

  24. HANDLING OF TISSUE (cont.) - Glass, plastic, metal containers, plastic bag - Delayed - refrigerator at 4 C - Fresh tissue for frozen section

  25. SPECIMENS IN PATHOLOGY(cont. ) 2. Cytological specimen - Exfoliative cytology (cervico-vaginal smear or pap smear, fluid from cavity) - Fine needle aspiration (FNA)

  26. SPECIMENS IN PATHOLOGY(cont. ) 3. Autopsy specimen - Whole body - Organs or tissue

  27. SPECIAL TECHNIQUES IN SURGICAL PATHOLOGY 1. Special stains 2. Enzyme histochemistry 3. Tissue culture 4. Histometry 5. X-ray microanalysis 6. Electron microscopy 7. Immunohistochemistry - immunoperoxidase

  28. SURGICAL PATHOLOGY ANDPATHOLOGIST - Clinical correlation - Time and change - PATHOLOGIST- rich background in clinical medicine

More Related