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C oe L ake O utdoor S cience E ducation

C oe L ake O utdoor S cience E ducation. Environmental Science Unit. What is recycling?. Recycling is a series of activities that includes collecting, sorting and processing recyclable materials into raw materials and manufacturing them into new products. EX: Plarn (plastic yarn).

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C oe L ake O utdoor S cience E ducation

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  1. Coe Lake Outdoor Science Education Environmental Science Unit

  2. What is recycling? • Recycling is a series of activities that includes collecting, sorting and processing recyclable materials into raw materials and manufacturing them into new products. • EX: Plarn (plastic yarn)

  3. Some Cool Recycled Products on The Market – pass around my recycled items

  4. Recycling Entrepreneur Project • Handout provided. • Due March 13

  5. Why Is It Important to Recycle? • It limits the amount of garbage going to the landfill, therefore saving valuable landfill space. • Creates jobs, businesses -3,177 business establishments in Ohio, employing 98,302 people! • Better for the environment (energy efficient, resource efficient, habitat efficient) • Close the loop- you aren’t a die-hard recycler unless you close the loop & buy recycled products-keep the industry going.

  6. What about plain old garbage?MSWMunicipal Solid Waste • Defined as anything normally discarded from home or community. • Average person produces about 4.4 lbs. trash per day! (1600 lbs./year! Or 726 kilograms!) MSW generation in the U.S. has increased more than 60% since 1980 to the current level of 251 million tons per year!

  7. How Long Does It Take for Garbage to Break Down (if it can)? • Plastic takes 500 years/common pollutant • Aluminum cans take 500 years • Organic materials take 6 months • Cotton, rags, & paper take 6 months We can recycle these!

  8. Where Does It Go If We Don’t Recycle It? • Household waste is typically land-filled • Landfills require careful planning, time, and money before they become a reality.  • combustion- reduces waste to ash then goes to landfill Environmental/Human Health Effects of Combustion produce pollutants such as CO2, heavy metals, dioxins and particulates which contribute to climate change, smog, acidification, asthma, and heart and nervous system damage

  9. Environmental Considerations -Landfills- • Leachate- groundwater/surfacewater contamination • Methane production-GHG • Monitoring once capped-$$$ • Eyesore (not aesthetically pleasing)-NIMBY!- what to make of “hill” when capped? Leachate Pond

  10. NIMBY • Acronym for “Not In My Backyard,” • used to negatively describe the attitude of a person or group who oppose the development (wastwater treatment plant, landfill, highway, airport runway extension) of anything they deem inappropriate in their town or neighborhood. • Show Cleveland Airport Runway Extension video! A perfect NIMBY example right here in our town.

  11. Taking away your trash is not free!  • Landfills need money to: -pay workers -maintain safety -environmental standards/monitoring • Tipping Fee- a charge for garbage production. U.S tipping fees currently average $41 per ton with a high of $98 per ton in Vermont.

  12. Average Tipping Fees • Ohio $32.00 • Michigan $36.00 • Kentucky $31.00 • Indiana $32.00 • West Virginia $35.00 • Pennsylvania $58.00 • New York $95.00 • New Jersey $73.00 Because Ohio is “cheap”, we import trash from up to 22 different states in the US! Most from New York & New Jersey via truck or rail.

  13. Modern Landfill Design

  14. Ohio’s Solid Waste Law • The passage of House Bill 592 in 1988 established a law for Ohio to properly plan for the proper disposal of the >14 million tons of waste produced/year in Ohio. • GOAL: to reduce our reliance on landfills by expanding waste reduction & recycling activities statewide. • Required the formation of solid waste management districts; EX: Cuyahoga County Solid Waste District • Funding for the district is provided by a per ton waste generation fee. Click here for VIDEO about Cuyahoga County waste.

  15. Feb 2009- Governor Strickland proposes raising garbage fee $1.25/ton (from $3.50/ton $4.75/ton). Twenty-five cents would go to ODNR for the Soil and Water Conservation Districts. The remaining $1.00 will go to Ohio EPA to support various programs.

  16. Construction and Demolition Debris (CDD) increase the CDD tipping fee by $2.70 a ton (from $1.70 a ton to $4.40 a ton) Increase would be divided as follows:  $2.25 will go to ODNR for the Soil and Water Conservation Districts .45 will go to Ohio EPA for operation costs throughout the agency.

  17. Some People Actually Litter! • Talk about whole storm drain thing here: Ergghh!

  18. Drains to River !!!!!!!

  19. America’s Typical Waste Consistency What goes in a landfill…. Weight isn’t the only issue with garbage. The amount of space the item takes up (VOLUME) is important. More volume = more landfill space needed.

  20. What Can be Recycled? • Paper • Cardboard • Aluminum • Steel • Organic food waste • Plastics: Polyethylene terephthalate HDPE (High-density polyethylene) There is a lack of market for the other numbered plastics. However, public pressure is causing increasing numbers of manufacturers to switch to No.1 and 2 plastics to facilitate their recycling. 

  21. Trees, Trees, Trees! Recycling decreases tree cutting One day newspapers=41,000 trees! Recycling newspapers would divert 6 million tons of waste in landfills. Junk Mail  If only 100,000 people stopped their junk mail, as many as 150,000 trees annually would not be cut down for paper productions. I Love Trees!

  22. Compost- Controlled aerobic decomposition of organic waste; also known as brown manure; used as soil conditioner/fertilizer It is an alternative to a landfill. • Carbon (“browns” 25-30 parts) to nitrogen (“greens”1 part) ratio important • Decomposition slows down if this ratio is not met. • Browns: ashes, wood, fruit waste, shredded newspaper, peanut shells, pine needles,wood chips, leaves, cornstalks • Greens: garden waste, coffee grounds, grass clippings, manures, veggie scraps, food waste

  23. Cuyahoga County Stats In 2007, residential recycling in Cuyahoga County: • Diverted 213,120.45 tons of solid waste from landfills • Recovered 26.53% of all household waste for recycling • Conserved 11,587 tons of non-renewable natural resources • Conserved 861,387 trees • Saved over 1,063,483 million BTU’s of energy – enough to power 10,530 homes for one year • Reduced air emissions by 80,844 tons.

  24. What You Need to Know • What is recycling? Provide some cool examples of products made from recycled material. • 3-R’s stand for? • What is meant by closing the loop on recycling? • 3 reasons why we should recycle. • Landfill design. Be able to ID: compact clay, synthetic liner,waste, leachate collection pipes, leachate collection sump, clay cap, gas extraction pipe. • List 3 environmental considerations with landfills? • NIMBY-acronym for? Explain. • MSW-stands for? Define. • Combustion-of waste produces? Where does it go? Pros/Cons. • What is the goal of House Bill 592 in Ohio? What year was it passed? • Storm drains/litter prevention-know storm drain design. • Know relative %’s of waste in landfills for: paper, organic wastes, metals, glass, plastics. • What items can be recycled? • Why are some plastics not recyclable? Most common plastic #’s that are recycled? • What is a compost pile? • What are 3 characteristics of a successful compost pile?

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