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Ancient Civilizations

Ancient Civilizations. Egypt, Indus Valley, China, and Mesopotamia. Resource: World History Encyclopedia Millennium Edition Clip art source: Broderbund’s PrintMaster Platinum 10. The Ancient World. 4 million years ago to 500 AD B.C. or B.C.E.- before Christ or before the Christian Era

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Ancient Civilizations

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  1. Ancient Civilizations Egypt, Indus Valley, China, and Mesopotamia Resource: World History Encyclopedia Millennium Edition Clip art source: Broderbund’s PrintMaster Platinum 10

  2. The Ancient World • 4 million years ago to 500 AD • B.C. or B.C.E.- before Christ or before the Christian Era • A.D.- Anno Domini, in the year of the Lord • 2.5 million years ago man’s earliest ancestors appeared in Africa • 5000 B.C.- the world’s first civilizations began to appear

  3. Big Advances • 2.5-2 million years BC- tools are made • 8000 BC- farming begins and first towns appear • 5000 BC- world’s first civilizations appear • Civilization Characteristics: cities, government, religion, social structure, writing and art/technology.

  4. Location

  5. Sequence of Civilizations • 5000- 3100 B.C.- different cultures appear along the Nile River • 3000 B.C.- farming settlements appear around the Indus River valley • 2205 B.C.- families called dynasties rule China: Yellow River; Yangtze River • 2000 B.C.- settlements along Indus River and the Ganges River.

  6. Ancient Egypt • Gift of the Nile • Lower and Upper Egypt • 3100 BC- King Menes united the two kingdoms • 1554 BC- Pharaoh title is used.

  7. Ancient Egypt Government • Viziers- two appointed officials to help rule and collect taxes • 42 nomes- governed by nomarchs • Officials headed state departments like Royal Works

  8. Egyptian Beliefs • Life after death • The soul had to pass several ordeals to make it to a better world. • Body had to be intact for after world.

  9. Indus Valley Civilization • The Indus Valley Civilization was larger than Egypt. • Harappa and Mohenjo Daro were major cities. • Highly organized trade system • Cities were laid out on a grid system. • The houses were made of mud brick and had bathrooms and a drainage system.

  10. Ancient China • Located among three major rivers- Chang Jiang, Xi Jiang, and Huang He • Irrigation was used. • Ruled by a series of families (dynasties) • 221 BC Shi Huangdi unites China and forms Qin dynasty • Shi Huangdi is the first emperor of China.

  11. Ancient China • Shi Huangdi changed the government and standardized money, weights, and measures. • The Great Wall of China was built between 214 and 204 BC in the north to keep out the Huns. • The Wall areas more than 1,400 miles long.

  12. Ancient Chinese Culture • Chinese nobles watched the Great Wall being constructed. • Convicted criminals and peasants constructed the wall. • Chinese civil service was based on the beliefs of Confucius.

  13. Mesopotamia • Tigris River • Euphrates River • Fertile Crescent (land between two rivers) • Theocracy • City-States

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