United Kingdom Saul / David / Solomon

1. United KingdomSaul / David / Solomon 922 B.C. – Death of Solomon Jeroboam Northern Kingdom 10 Tribes ISRAEL • Rehoboam • Southern Kingdom • 2 Tribes • JUDAH

2. Solomon’s Errors (1K 11) Intermarriage with foreigners His wives turned away his heart after other gods… his heart was not true to the LORD his God, as his father David’s! He built a high place for worshipping other gods… and the LORD was angry God’s judgment – since you have not kept my covenant, the kingdom will be torn from you, but not the entire kingdom because of God’s promise to David

3. JEROBOAM—the servant of Solomon Receives a word of prophecy – God is tearing the kingdom away from Solomon and you will be king over 10 tribes God’s promise to Jeroboam – if you will listen to my voice and walk in my ways, as David did, I will build you an enduing house, as I built for David Solomon seeks his life – he flees to Egypt… then Solomon dies.

4. REHOBOAM—the son of Solomon Jeroboam and the 10 tribes come with one request – please lighten our load. Solomon has made our work too heavy! Rehoboam’s reply: “My father beat you with whips; I will scourge you with scorpions” REBELLION and DIVISION

5. NORTHERN KINGDOM = ISRAEL Lack of consistency due to no established dynasty SOUTHERN KINGDOM = JUDAH Consistency due to God’s promise to build a Davidic dynasty The Divided Kingdom

6. JEROBOAM—first king of the north (922-901) DAN AND BETHEL Golden Calves “The Sin of Jeroboam”

7. THE NORTHERN KINGDOM • Lots of instability and transition at first • Two dynasties: Omri and Jehu • Omri Dynasty—great wealth and international trade (son Ahab married to Phoenician princess Jezebel) • The Elijah/Elisha “revival” and the overthrow of the Omri dynasty

8. WHAT IS A PROPHET??? • Nabi’—mouth, spokesperson for God • Use of messenger speech – This is what the LORD has spoken • 1st person language – these are the very words of Yahweh – delivered through the mouth of the nabi’

9. The Prophets Elijah and Elisha • Elijah – speaking truth to power • 3 year famine in the land (17) • Battle with Baal on Mt. Carmel (18) • Running for his life (19) – the threat of Jezebel – I alone am left… There are 7,000 more who belong to Yahweh!

10. The Prophets Elijah and Elisha • Elisha – carrier of life to the people • Miracles of bread and water • Healing the sick / raising the dead • Instigator of the revolution that overthrows the evil Omri dynasty, so that the dynasty of Jehu could be established.

11. THE JEHU DYNASTY Jehu anointed by Elisha Jehu wipes out the entire house of Omri in the massacre of the Valley of Jezreel Jehu makes a solid attempt to destroy Ba’al worship in Israel Evaluation – 2 Kings 10:30-31

12. THE JEHU DYNASTY Jehu (apx. 30 yrs) Joahaz (apx. 15 years) Joash (apx. 15 years) Jeroboam 2 (apx. 40 years)

13. Jeroboam II—a lengthy peaceful period • Prosperity and wealth of the upper 2% (those in power) • Height of nationalism—worship of the LORD was intertwined with a self-secure nationalism • Dominant worship of Baal

14. The end of the Northern Kingdom • The Rise of Assyria as a world power under King Tiglath-pileser III • Israel becomes a vassal to Assyria • Syro-Ephraimite war (Syria & Israel ally against Judah … Judah seeks help from Assyria… Assyria brings an end to Israel under Sargon II in 721 B.C.

15. MEANWHILE…DOWN IN THE SOUTH… • King Uzziah (during time of Jeroboam 2 in the north)—similar great prosperity and territory expansion • In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the LORD (“one in charge”) sitting on a throne, high and exalted…my eyes have seen the king, Yahweh of hosts! (Isaiah 6)

16. The Southern Kingdom of Judah • King Hezekiah – did what was right in the sight of God…I Kings 18-20 • Religious renewal • Removal of the high places of Baal worship • Allied with Babylon and Egypt against Assyria – led to siege of Jerusalem, but God delivered the city

17. The Southern Kingdom of Judah • King Manasseh—reigned for 55 years—Manasseh misled the people to do more evil than the nations had done that the LORD drove out before the Israelites • King Josiah—massive spiritual reform – included the discovery of the Torah of Moses—led to a great revival

18. 597 B.C. – first deportation587 B.C. – destruction of Jerusalem The southern kingdom of Judah comes to an end as the capital Jerusalem is finally overtaken and most of the people are taken into captivity in Babylon = EXILE

19. Theological Themes from 1-2 Kings It’s great to start well, but what matters most is that one finish well. God’s people are to trust God and serve God with undivided loyalty. Israel’s covenant breaking (going after other gods) results in loss of political and religious freedom.

20. Theological Themes from 1-2 Kings When God brings judgment on the people of Israel, it is a fulfillment of the covenant, which promises blessings for obedience, but judgment for rebellion. Even though God’s people have brought this judgment on themselves, there is a future for God’s people, because God is gracious, merciful, and compassionate.

21. Assignments • Mini-Exam – Oct 25 (MWF), 26 (TR) • (Chapters 7-9, Former Prophets) • (50 points, No Portfolio Due)

22. Philistines Shiloh Samuel Messiah Saul David Jonathan Mount Gilboa Hebron City of David Jerusalem Davidic covenant Zion theology Solomon Royal theology Jeroboam Rehoboam Tiglath-Pileser III Syro-Ephraimite war Sennacherib Jeroboam II Hezekiah Ahab Dan Bethel Elijah Elisha Uzziah Omri Samaria Ahaz Josiah Zedekiah