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Substation Automation Equipment Monitoring & Proactive Diagnostics. Presentation Overview. The Challenge The Team The Equipment The Execution. The Challenge.
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Substation Automation Equipment Monitoring & Proactive Diagnostics
Presentation Overview • The Challenge • The Team • The Equipment • The Execution
The Challenge • In a recent survey, executives with 50 different utilities in the US (VPs of T&D or CEOs) were asked what was the major challenge facing their company in the deregulated arena. • All 50 had the same response, Asset Management. Why ??? • For DISCOs Asset Management translates into fewer outages which in turn leads to more revenue in areas that support Performance-Based Rates (PBR). Asset Management also allows for a decrease in capital expenditures as replacement costs are either eliminated (device is maintained before destruction occurs) or deferral (equipment can remain in service for longer periods of time). • For TRANSCOs Asset Management means achieving maximum use of the existing resources in order to obtain profitability. Asset Management also allows for contractual obligations to be met without penalties occurring. Finally, Asset Management allows for fewer outages to be scheduled with the ISO.
The Challenge from Square D Perspective • Design, Select, Engineer and Install monitoring systems • Advantages Square D has to accomplish the challenge • Member of a team of electrical contractors and engineering firms that are trained in utility engineering practices. • On staff engineers trained in testing substation control schemes and SCADA. • Hardware products for automation, communications and predicative maintenance. • ModConnect partners in the areas of protective relaying and predictive maintenance. • Internal business unit that provides services in the areas of transformer maintenance and breaker/switchgear maintenance. • Strong financial backing
The Square D Team • Utility Applications Group • Design Engineering • Applications Engineering • Manufacturing • Project Management • Testing Services • Resident test engineers dedicated to major projects • Field Services Group • Switchgear commissioning and maintenance services • PDS - Breaker and Transformer Group • Breaker repair and refurbishment • Breaker and Transformer field services • Local Support and Distribution
O O SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SEL-2020 COMMUNICATIONS PROCESSOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORITORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA Network Partner V1.0 DPU 2000R STATUS LED TEST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A B C N ALARM NORMAL FAIL PICKUP RECLOSER OUT SYSTEM RESET TIME INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TARGET RESET TARGETS O O C O O E SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 O SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O O The Architecture for Success SCADA Integration Maintenance Protection Link Enterprise = Success
The Architecture - Phase One • Square D RTU • Monitors contact changes via Digital Input Points • Monitors analog quantities such as Tap Position via Analog Inputs • (Master and SubMAster) • Protocol support custom loadables for • DNP 3.0 • L&G 8979 • Conitel C-2020 • PGE 2179 • CDC 44-500 Type 1 and 2 • Specials • Integrates data from Bitronics Meters via MB+ • Breaker metering • Replaces old graphical charts and analog panel meters
The Architecture - Phase One • Automation Features (IEC-1131 compliant) • LTC • Reclosing • Under-frequency tripping • Intelligent alarming • Automatic switchover on transformer differentials • Automatic switchover for hot line/dead line configurations • Capacitor control • Relay group setting changes for adaptive relaying • Enterprise connectivity • Modbus over TPC/IP • ICCP,UCA 2.0 • Intranet/Internet with web page embedded in the RTU
The Architecture - Phase One • Current Predictive Maintenance data points available • Transformers • Top Oil Temperature (via Digital Input from sensor). • Winding Temperature (via Digital Input from sensor). • Fans (via Digital Input from contact) • Tap Position (via Analog Input from Sensors). • Number of Operations (Pseudo point via RTU Ladder Logic). • LTC Operating range min/max (pseudo points via RTU Ladder Logic). • Oil Circuit Breakers • Heater State (via Digital Input from relay). • Operations (via pseudo points via RTU Ladder Logic). • Distribution Breakers (switchgear) • Heater State (via Digital Input from relay). • Operations (Pseudo points via RTU Ladder Logic).
The Architecture - Phase One • Current Predictive Maintenance data points available • Capacitor Banks • Temperature (via Analog Input from a temperature transducer). • VARS (via Analog Input from a VAR transducer or via a Bitronics meter over MB+). • Station DC Power • Battery Voltage (via Analog Input from a DC voltage transducer). • Charger Voltage (via Analog Input from an AC voltage transducer). Current Predictive Maintenance data points available • Motor Operated Disconnects (MODs) • Operations (via Pseudo points via RTU Ladder Logic).
CURRENT INPUTS CURRENT INPUTS CURRENT INPUTS CURRENT INPUTS HI HI HI HI ..... ..... ..... ..... .... .... .... .... IA IB IC IA IB IC IA IB IC IA IB IC LO LO LO LO b b b b b b b b Bitronics, Inc. Bitronics, Inc. Bitronics, Inc. Bitronics, Inc. Lehigh Valley, Pa Made in USA Lehigh Valley, Pa Made in USA Lehigh Valley, Pa Made in USA Lehigh Valley, Pa Made in USA POWER STATUS POWER STATUS POWER STATUS POWER STATUS PowerPlex PowerPlex PowerPlex PowerPlex Digital transducer Digital transducer Digital transducer Digital transducer POWER POWER POWER POWER VOLTAGE INPUTS POWER VOLTAGE INPUTS POWER VOLTAGE INPUTS POWER VOLTAGE INPUTS POWER The Architecture - Phase One AEG PGE or Modbus Protocol to SCADA Modbus Maintenance Port 4 Point Analog Input Modules 16 Point Digital Input Modules 8 Point Digital Output Modules MB+ Network
The Architecture - Phase Two (A) • Maintenance • To obtain further data for predictive maintenance additional monitoring equipment is added to the architecture. The monitoring data required can be obtained from protective relays, circuit breaker monitors, transformer monitors, or a combination of the three. • In substations where the existing relaying is adequate for protection but not for supplying maintenance data, monitor equipment can be added. This equipment is less costly and allows for faster implementation for the following reasons. • Changing protection requires new relay settings • Changing protection alters more substation drawings • Changing protection requires testing of the new protection schemes, extending and complicating outage times and increasing the risk of unplanned outages • Changes in Protection relays causes new engineering/testing requirements with the possibility of different available data and protocol interfaces
The Architecture - Phase Two (A) • Maintenance • For Transformer maintenance possible options include: • Square D EMU - Interfaces to the RTU directly on the MB+ network. • Doble In-Site sensors - Interfaces to the RTU via the MB+ network. • Micromonitor - Interfaces to RTU via custom loadable. • These devices can be engineered when the SCADA upgrade engineering is being performed for the substation. • These devices can be added to the transformer and tested during the same outage required to test the SCADA functions. • Continuity in engineering, construction and testing within one outage leads to cost-effective installations without jeopardizing customer satisfaction.
The Architecture - Phase Two (A) • Maintenance • For circuit breaker maintenance possible options include: • Square D OLM - Interfaces to the RTU directly on the MB+ network. • Doble In-Site sensors - Interfaces to the RTU via the MB+ network. • These devices can be engineered when the breaker SCADA upgrade engineering is being performed. • These devices can be added to the breaker and tested during the same outage required to test the SCADA functions. • Continuity in engineering, construction and testing within one outage leads to cost-effective installations without jeopardizing customer satisfaction.
Legend Modbus Modbus Plus Legacy Protocol Hardwire The Architecture - Phase Two (A) AEG PGE or Modbus Protocol to SCADA Modbus Maintenance Port MB+ Network MB+ to MB Bridgemux Programmable Bridgemux Square D OLM Doble In-site Square D EMU Doble In-site Micro monitors Barrington Consultants Circuit Breakers Transformers
O O SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SEL-2020 COMMUNICATIONS PROCESSOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORITORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA Network Partner V1.0 DPU 2000R STATUS LED TEST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A B C N ALARM NORMAL FAIL PICKUP RECLOSER OUT SYSTEM RESET TIME INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TARGET RESET TARGETS O O C O O E SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 O SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O O The Architecture - Phase Two (B) • Protection • If the substation requires new protective relays then the maintenance data required can be obtained from the relays without the need of additional sensors and/or monitors. • Below is list of the relay vendors that have native protocol support with the Square D RTU • SEL - MB+ with SEL-2030 and MB within newer relays like the SEL-321 and SEL-351 • GE - Some GE/Multilin relays support MB while the new UR series supports UCA 2.0 • Cooper - The Edsion Pro series supports MB and UCA, the recloser controllers will support MB by end of year. • GEC - Some relays support MB • Siemens - New series of relays support MB. • Basler - Most relays support MB. • ABB - all products support either MB or MB+
O O SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SEL-2020 COMMUNICATIONS PROCESSOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORITORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA Network Partner V1.0 DPU 2000R STATUS LED TEST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A B C N ALARM NORMAL FAIL PICKUP RECLOSER OUT SYSTEM RESET TIME INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TARGET RESET TARGETS O O C O O E SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 O SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O O The Architecture - Phase Two (B) • Protection • The relay additions can be engineered when the breaker SCADA upgrade engineering is being performed. • These relays can be added to the breaker and tested by Square D during the same outage required to test the SCADA functions. • Relay settings can be provided by utility or calculated by the engineering firms on the team. • The field crews testing the SCADA installations will already have three-phase relay test sets on site. • The architecture allows for multi-vendor relays within the same substation. This allows the customer to have separate relay vendors for primary and backup relays on transmission lines, if required. • Data from the relays can also supplement the RTU data to SCADA (fault location on relay targets can be presented to SCADA). • Continuity in engineering, construction and testing within one outage leads to cost-effective installations without jeopardizing customer satisfaction.
O O SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SEL-2020 COMMUNICATIONS PROCESSOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORITORIES O O ModiconNW BM85D002 BRIDGE MUX PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA Network Partner V1.0 DPU 2000R STATUS LED TEST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 A B C N ALARM NORMAL FAIL PICKUP RECLOSER OUT SYSTEM RESET TIME INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TARGET RESET TARGETS O O C O O E SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY O O FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O INST A B C Q N RS LO 79 O SEL-221 DISTRIBUTION RELAY FAULT TEST FAULT TYPE O O PHASE OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH VOLTAGE CONTROL NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT RELAY GROUNDG OVERCURRENT RELAY MULTIPLE SHOT RECLOSING RELAY SELECTANLE SETTING GROUPS CIRCUIT BREAKER MONITOR FAULT LOCATOR SEL SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES O O PULLMAN WASHINGTON USA O O The Architecture - Phase Two (B) PGE or Modbus Protocol to SCADA Quantum MB+ to UCA 2.0 Gateway AEG Modbus Maintenance Port MB+ Network UCA 2.0 MMS Bridgemux MB GE UR Cooper Edison Pro Siemens Basler ABB SEL
Typical Field Device Conections Top Oil RTD Phase 1 current(4-20 mA) Phase 2 current(4-20 mA) Phase 3 current(4-20 mA) Main Transformer Discrete Inputs Modicon Analog I/O Module Modicon Discrete I/O Module Bottom Oil RTD Hydrogen PPM LTC Position Transducer LTC Oil Temperature Fan Control Main XFMR Alarm Outputs LTC Discrete Inputs Modicon Discrete I/O Module Modicon Analog I/O Module LTC Filtration Control LTC Alarm Outputs
Square D Breaker OLM Features • 10 data input channels • 2 Programmable alarms (dry contact output, NO/NC) • 8 definable events with a maximum 5 data input channels • Each channel is monitored for a duration 646.4 msec (sampling rate of 200 microseconds (5 kHz)) • 16,000 samples/event, 32 events/module, non-volatile memory • Time-stamp to 1 msec via internal clock or optional external GPS signal for station to station event synchronization • Temperature range: -20 C - +60 C • Power Supply: +16VDC to +300VDC • Communication: Interface to external GPS & Interface to Momemtum communications adapter • Programming data storage: Flash EEROM • Event Data Sampling Rate: 200 microseconds (5kHz) • IEEE 37.90.1 Surge withstand
Square D Breaker OLM Features • Capture duration 646.4 Milliseconds • pre-trigger 6.4 Milliseconds • post-trigger 640.0 Milliseconds • Type A input, Differential Reference • 6 points, +/- 300 VDC • Programmable trigger level • 2 wire, external • Type B input, Differential Reference • 4 points, +/- 5 VDC • Programmable trigger level • 2 wire, external • Output Relays: Form C • 2 points, NO/NC/C • Voltage; 125 AC/28DC • Current; 0.5A/1.0A
Benefits • Low cost conditioned based maintenance tool to: • extend the breaker life expectancy and improve reliability • reduce overall cost of maintenance • defer the need for new breakers (capital expenditure) • OLM application can be used in conjunction with an existing PLC in the substation and integrated into an alarm management/control system. Abnormal operation can then easily be detected and resolved cost-effectively. • Graphical data can be served to the enterprise for trending and analysis through an installed substation automation system reducing the overall cost of the system. • Custom software packages can integrate the data with the enterprise maintenance work order generation system, providing a base tool to create a conditioned base maintenance program
Normal breaker close operation Power Bus Trip Event 52 A Contact Coil Current
Degraded breaker close operation Power Bus Trip Event 52 A Contact Coil Current
Definitions of Proven Systems • RTU communicates from Substation to Host SCADA system • EMU (Equipment Monitoring Unit) communicates within the Substation • EMUs are less costly due to reduced I/O requirements and size • Data storage and manipulations may be performed in EMU • Identical hardware that exceeded Electrical Utility testing requirements for the RTU
Wireless EMU Topology with Substation Spread Spectrum Radios Modbus+
A Testimony • “PECO has had good success with programmable controllers (Modicon) as field data logging devices…Currently, this technology is being used to gather data from transformers and circuit breakers to supplement existing SCADA alarms.” • Glenn Prichard,PECO • Transmission & Distribution, August 1998
Modicon CompactBoth Control & Communications... • More demanding applications can be solved with increased power of the TSX Compact 386/25MHz, 32 bit processor • Communication Protocol Gateway with custom loadable • 1 meg SRAM allows larger application programs • Simple Windows based programming • Harsh environment applications supported by extended temperature operation and protective coatings (selected models) • Secure PROM based applications supported by internal Flash or Hot Removable PCMCIA Flash memory card
RJ45 Serial ports TSX Compact New Controllers
Control Applications in Substations • #1: Traditional RTU emulation (PLC-based) • #2: Distributed RTU using PLCs and Meters • #3: Dial-Out/Report-by-Exception • #4: Circuit Breaker Reclosure • #5: Load Shedding and Loss of Potential • #6: Intelligent Restoration • #7: Line/Bus Protection and Control • #8: Circuit Breaker/Transformer Protection and Control • #9: Feeder Automation • #10: Tap Changing under Load • #11: Capacitor Bank Switching • #12: Sequence of Events Recording (SER) • #13: Transformer Monitoring / Failure Warning • #14: Synchrocheck and Underfrequency Load Shedding
CURRENT INPUTS HI ..... .... IA IB IC LO b b Bitronics, Inc. Lehigh Valley, Pa Made in USA POWER STATUS PowerPlex Digital transducer POWER VOLTAGE INPUTS POWER ModiconNW BM85D002 BRIDGE MUX ModiconNW BM85D002 BRIDGE MUX Network Partner V1.0 DPU 2000R STATUS A B C N NORMAL FAIL PICKUP RECLOSER OUT SYSTEM RESET TIME INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY NEGATIVE SEQUENCE TARGET RESET TARGETS C E I1 133 A I1 133 A I1 133 A Doble 9 Complete Substation Data Hub PG&E Gateway (Loadable) Local or remote access to all Substation IEDS L&G 8979 Gateway DNP 3.0 Gateway Modem MB + Network Modbus DNP 3.0 Gateway Cooper Gateway Direct MB+ Devices SEL-351 9
EVENT-DRIVEN ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? CONTINUOUS INQUIRY HISTORICAL DATA MAINT. LOG. REV. LEVEL REALTIME SUBSTATION DIAGNOSTICS ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! DYNAMIC DATA STATIC DATA Maintenance Management Workstation EMBEDDED SERVER
Transparent Utility Hierarchy • Flexible Communication Open Networking Approach
The Execution • Here is how Square D is going to get the job done for you • Structured Project Management • Site visits, design, programming and sensor selections • Replicate designs by Transformer, Circuit Breaker and Protective relay class • Select the most cost effective RTU/EMU/Remote I/O Combination • Coordinate field crew installation schedules w/ Contract Services • System test and SCADA test • Square D will assume full responsibility for • Device selection and installation • Engineering design • System operability • Installation • Testing
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