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The Spread of Islam

The Spread of Islam. A look into Southeast Asia and Africa before and after Islam. Africa pre-Islam. Lack of political unity due to differences in geography, language, religion, and politics. Ancient African Civilizations. Common elements of pre-Islamic Africa.

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The Spread of Islam

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  1. The Spread of Islam A look into Southeast Asia and Africa before and after Islam

  2. Africa pre-Islam Lack of political unity due to differences in geography, language, religion, and politics

  3. Ancient African Civilizations

  4. Common elements of pre-Islamic Africa • Language – Bantu speaking, or derived from Bantu • Religion – animistic • Served as a guide for behavior • Introduced and necessitated animistic priests • Believed that evil and illness were caused by witches and spirits • Economy – merchants control trade

  5. Africa after Islam: North Africa • North Africa used to interactions with the classical world (Greece, Rome, etc.) • Carthage (think Roman Punic Wars) was in Northern Africa • Muhammad’s followers (umma) spread across Northern Africa and into Spain

  6. Islamic North Africa • Berbers of the Sahara Desert – went of a jihad to purify and spread Islam South into Africa. • REMEMBER – Jihad does not necessitate violence.

  7. North Western Africa • Kingdom of Ghana, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire all converted to Islam • Mali built the Great Mosque of Djenne • Songhai had Muslim rulers with trade routes on rivers, inviting in more Muslim merchants

  8. East Africa • Trade cities became bastions of Islam • Islam spread slower to inner Africa (Christian missions already set up) • Hybrid culture – Swahili and Muslim

  9. Southeast Asia pre-Islam • In India, foreigners assimilated and converted to Hindu or Buddhism • Southeast Asia – Buddhist. Built maritime empire. • Trade to outside civs discouraged, merchants on the bottom of society

  10. Comparison of Hindu and Islam Generally- Islam is more religiously rigid

  11. Southeast Asia post-Islam • Interactions between Hindu and Islamic cultures • Trade, religious interchange, tension (leads to warfare), Indian culture to Baghdad (“Islamic flowering”, building on Indian math to progress astronomy) • Islam brought little change because Islamic conquerors offered lower taxes and religious tolerance to towns if they willingly surrendered • Generally- coexistence between Islam and Hindu

  12. Southeast Asia post-Islam • In Indonesia, Malacca was an important trading port • Islam spread from port to port (port cities are receptive) • Spread by Sufi mystics who set up schools and mosques across Indonesian islands

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