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Post WWI. USH-5.5. I. Peace. Wilson is crucial at Versailles Peace Conference He brings Fourteen Points Plan to eliminate all wars Limit navies End secret treaties Reduce arms New nations International peace organization – League of Nations. I. Peace.
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Post WWI USH-5.5
I. Peace • Wilson is crucial at Versailles Peace Conference • He brings Fourteen Points • Plan to eliminate all wars • Limit navies • End secret treaties • Reduce arms • New nations • International peace organization – League of Nations
I. Peace • To get the League of Nations created, Wilson gives in to the Allies anger • War Guilt Clause • Blamed Germany for all of the death and destruction • Meant to make Germans feel badly and depressed • Reparations were placed on Germany • $33 billion in 1921 • $469,579,455,993.83 in 2018
I. Peace • Many new nations created from German, Austrian, Russian, and Ottoman land • Yugoslavia • Hungary • Czechoslovakia • Poland • Estonia • Latvia • Lithuania • Turkey • Finland • Ireland • Borders aren’t drawn well • They are going to cause future conflict
II. Fight for League of Nations • Every nation that signs the Treaty of Versailles is in the League of Nations • In US Constitution, foreign policy is the executive branch • Senate ratifies all treaties • Wilson created the League of Nations but the Senate refused to ratify the treaty • Didn’t want to give up the ability to declare war • Didn’t want to join wars b/c the League of Nations said so
II. Fight for League of Nations • Wilson (D) refused to compromise with the Senate who had a majority Republicans • Wilson went on a cross country speaking tour • Wanted to get Democrats elected to Senate so they’d vote yes • Wilson had a stroke and still didn’t compromise • US never ratified the Treaty of Versailles • Made our own peace w/Ger.
III. The 1920s • Election of 1920 • Dem. Cox supported Wilson • Rep. Harding wanted a return to normalcy • People liked “make the world safe for democracy” • WWI violence changed their minds • Harding won and US became isolationist
III. The 1920s • US became world’s leading economic power • Leading exports • Creditor nation • Financial capital • Still involved in Latin Amer.
IV. Waiting for WWII • US never joined the League of Nations • Sent observers • Participated in international conferences • Helped Germany pay the war reparations w/loans • Dawes and Young Plans • Didn’t do anything as dictators rose in Italy and Germany
IV. Waiting for WWII • Stock Market crash in October 1929 • US worried about domestic problems • Congress passed Neutrality Acts • Meant to keep US out of future wars • Delays US involvement in WWII