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Post-WWI America

Post-WWI America. Immigration control, the return of the KKK. Post-War Immigration. Flood of 14 million immigrants 1900-1920 European countries are in shambles after WWI 800,000 Europeans migrate to U.S. from 1920-1921 Two-Thirds are Southern and Eastern European. Why Limit Immigration?.

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Post-WWI America

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  1. Post-WWI America Immigration control, the return of the KKK

  2. Post-War Immigration • Flood of 14 million immigrants 1900-1920 • European countries are in shambles after WWI • 800,000 Europeans migrate to U.S. from 1920-1921 • Two-Thirds are Southern and Eastern European

  3. Why Limit Immigration? • Red Scare: Immigrants are feared as socialists/communists. • Competition for scarce jobs: Immigrants accept lower wages to work • Nativism: • Preserve the culture of Northern European immigrants – White, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant, and Capitalist. • Nativists believed that immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, many of whom were Catholics and Jews, were Un-American

  4. Revival of KKK • Originally from Civil War Era as anti-black group. • Returned in large numbers in the 1920’s with Nativist ideals • Anti-foreigner, anti-black, anti-catholic, anti-jewish, anti-communist… • Spread mob violence and race hatred • 4.5 million members in 1924 • Summit County, Ohio is largest KIan Chapter with 52,000 members!!

  5. Immigration Controls of 1920’s • Emergency Quota Act (1921), National Origins Act (1924) • Set quotas at 2% of the number of people from that country living in the U.S. • Put severe restrictions on African and Asian countries. • Aimed at reducing immigration from southern and Southeastern European nations.

  6. No African country could send more than 100 people 100 was the limit for China 3,845 could come from Italy 2,248 could come from Russia 34,845 could come from England or Northern Ireland 51,227 could come from Germany Results of Immigration Controls

  7. Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti • Sacco and Vanzetti were Italian immigrants, anarchists, and laborers in Massachusetts • They were Arrested for armed robbery and murder and found guilty. • Spent 7 years in prison • Their sentence drew protest around the world because they were anarchists and foreigners • In August 1927, they were electrocuted

  8. Protest for Sacco and Vanzetti in London, 1921

  9. Bartolomeo Vanzetti (left) and Nicola Sacco in handcuffs

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