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I . The Korean War

I . The Korean War. The ‘Cold War’ Heats Up!. Korean War (1950-1953). “The Forgotten War”: U.S. nickname. North vs. South Korea but w/ major help. United States. China. Communist. Korea. China: Ruled Korea for many centuries until 1910. 1910-1945: Japan ruled Korea.

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I . The Korean War

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  1. I. The Korean War The ‘Cold War’ Heats Up!

  2. Korean War (1950-1953) • “The Forgotten War”: U.S. nickname. • North vs. South Korea but w/ major help United States China Communist

  3. Korea • China: Ruled Korea for many centuries until 1910. • 1910-1945: Japan ruled Korea. • After WWII, Korea divided along the ______ parallel. (Latitude or longitude?) • North: Soviet-occupied until 1948. • Pyonyang: capital. • South: U.S.-occupied until 1949. • Seoul: capital. 38th

  4. Brief History of the Korean War • 6/25/50: North Korea crosses the _____ parallel • 9/15/50: N.K. had conquered almost entire peninsula except for SE corner (called Pusan Perimeter) • 9/15/50: Gen. Douglas MacArthur leads surprise “amphibious” invasion of Inchon on West coast & behind N. Korean lines. • United Nations (U.N.) vs. North Korea, China, and Soviet Union. • No declaration of war by the U.S.

  5. Brief History… • 11/24/50: US/South K. had pushed N.K. out of the South & had conquered most of N. Korea. • 11/24/50: China crosses the Yalu River to aid N. Korea. This surprised the US/S. Korea & caused a retreat. • 1951-1953: Fighting back & forth near 38th parallel. • 4/10/51: MacArthur fired by President Truman.

  6. A. 1950-53 1. 1953 Armistice kept division at 38th parallel (no real change). 2. Communism “contained.” • 5 million dead. • Korea devastated. • In the next 50 years, SK become economically successful while NK did not.  The United Nations and North Korea are still (technically) at war!!

  7. Korea’s & China’s leaders during the Korean War • NK: Kim Il Sung • Ruled NK 1948-1994, relied on China & USSR, anti-Western, dealt arms to developing countries • SK: Syngman Rhee • Ran authoritative police state but was anti-Communist • China: Mao Zedong • Communist People’s Republic of China (PRC) declared in 1949 • USSR (Not directly involved): Stalin • Stalin did not think US would get involved so he gave Il Sung “permission” to invade SK.

  8. 5th Marine Sniper in Punchbowl. 37th Scout Dog Platoon, 25th Infantry Division, Korea in January 1954. My Dad in Korea, 1953. 155-mm self propelled gun for massive fire-support, 1952.

  9. Russian made MiG-15. American made F-86. A Russian MiG-15 shot down by a U.S. ‘F-86’ over MiG Alley.

  10. A propaganda picture opposing the United States made by North Korea. A North Korean soldier is destroying the United States Capitol.

  11. B. To stop Soviet aggression: 1. S.E.A.T.O. – Southeast Asia Treaty Organization. 2. C.E.N.T.O. – Central Treaty Organization. Off the coast of Korea, 2003. •  SEATO – To stop Soviet aggression in the East. Members were U.S., • Eng, Fr, Pakistan, Thailand, PI, Australia, and New Zealand. • CENTO – To stop Soviet expansion to the South. Members were Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Eng, and U.S.

  12. MASH was a hit tv series set during the Korean War, but filmed in Malibu.

  13. Artist Pablo Picasso’s painting Massacre in Korea (1951) depicted violence against civilians during the Korean War. By some accounts, killing of civilians by U.S. forces in Shinchun, Hwanghae Province was the motive of the painting.

  14. Important Lesson That Wasn’t Learned by the U.S. • Stick to your original objectives. • How does this apply to Korea? • Korea was a warm-up for Vietnam!!

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