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Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team (DAAT).

Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team (DAAT). Drugs, Alcohol and Licensed Premises. Sgt Paul Graves - Norfolk Constabulary Mike Hutchinson and Daniel Harry – Norfolk Drug and Alcohol Action Team. Version: 18 November 2008. Why am I here?.

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Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team (DAAT).

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  1. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team (DAAT). Drugs, Alcohol and Licensed Premises. Sgt Paul Graves - Norfolk Constabulary Mike Hutchinson and Daniel Harry – Norfolk Drug and Alcohol Action Team. Version: 18 November 2008

  2. Why am I here? • As a licensee, bar person or server you are an enforcer of licensing law • You have legal responsibilities and rights • Successful completion of this course enables you to demonstrate an ongoing commitment to your professional development • We will issue everyone with an attendance certificate as evidence of this commitment for your training records. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  3. What we will cover At the end of this session you will be able to describe and explain: • the responsibilities that licensees and door supervisors have; • the law relating to drugs and alcohol; • search and seizure techniques; • the range of effects of drugs and alcohol; • overdose risks; • the treatment options available. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  4. How we will do this • There will be powerpoint. BUT: • Interactive. • Small group work. • Workbooks. • Open to questions at any point. • Informal. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  5. Alcohol This section focuses on alcohol use and misuse. We start with the context – what is the impact? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  6. Alcohol – Costs • Cost to health service £1.7bn. • Loss productivity £6.4bn per annum. • 1.2 million violent incidences. • 360,000 incidences of domestic violence. • Between 780,000 and 1.3 million children affected by parental alcohol problems. • 1.2 million males, 0.6 million women drink at levels in excess of 50(M) and 35(W) units per week • 20% of industrial accidents involve workers who have been drinking. Statistical Handbook of the Brewers Society 1998 Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  7. Units explained. • A unit is a standard measure that can apply to all forms of alcohol. • There is a quick and easy way of calculating units: Volume x ABV 1000 Alternatively, look at the label. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  8. The units quiz. • What is a unit of alcohol? • Which has the most units: four pack of stella or a bottle of wine. • If a 500 ml can of lager is 9% ABV how many units are there in the can? • Where will units be listed? • What are the sensible drinking limits? • Can you save up your limits during the week? • How many units can you drink and still be safe to drive? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  9. The units quiz – answers. • A unit is 10 ml of pure alcohol. • The four pack (12) – wine (9). • Answer 4.5 units. • Most drinks have the units on the bottle or can. • Men 3-4 per day, women 2-3 per day. • No. • Uncertain. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  10. Binge drinking – 6 to 8 units (M) and 4 to 6 units (W) People who enjoy drinking: findings from a survey of British adults – Plant & Mason (2002) Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  11. Alcohol and the Body - quiz Do you know which parts of the body alcohol can damage? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  12. Alcohol and the Body - quiz Take 5 minutes to complete this quiz to find out how alcohol affects the body. In your groups - please turn to your workbook. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  13. Alcohol and the body - answers Slide devised by BBC Three Counties Radio. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  14. Alcohol and the body – answers in the back of your workbook. • Brain - Bad judgement, poor memory, concentration and co-ordination, brain damage, depression, insomnia, depression, anxiety, psychosis. • Liver - Alcoholic hepatitis. • Kidneys - Kidney and urinary infections. • Stomach - Vomiting, diarrhoea, inflammation of the stomach, vitamin deficiency, internal bleeding, ulcers. • Lungs - Lowered resistance to infection. • Bones - Brittle bones. • Feet - Lack of co-ordination: stumbling and falling over, numb tingling toes. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  15. Alcohol and the body – answers • Face - Impaired vision and hearing, dulled smell and taste, slurred speech, "drinker's nose". • Throat - Cancer of the throat, voice box and oesophagus. • Heart - Raised blood pressure, strokes, coronary heart disease. • Muscles - Weakened muscles. • Pancreas - Inflammation. • Hands - Lack of co-ordination, DTs, loss of feeling, trembling hands. • Sex organs - Impaired sexual performance, low sperm count, brewer's droop, shrinking of the testes, reduction in size of penis. • Unprotected sex - HIV, Chlamydia, hepatitis B, pubic lice, genital warts, syphilis, herpes, gonorrhoea. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  16. Alcohol & the brain Slide devised by the SCA /SIPS Movement Speech Five senses Emotions judgement & balance Sight Reading Hearing Disinhibition Cognitive impairment Automatic functions, breathing,circulation Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  17. The healthy liverSource: www.hubpages.com The liver processes the alcohol consumed at a constant rate Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  18. The stages leading up to cirrhosis • The three main causes of cirrhosis in the UK are excessive alcohol consumption, hepatitis C virus infection and obesity. • Almost everyone who drinks excessively will develop a fatty liver (caused by excess fat building up in the liver). • Somewhere between a quarter and a third of those people will go on to develop liver damage – this is called alcoholic hepatitis – which causes some scarring (fibrosis) in the liver. • Cirrhosis is the final stage. This is when extensive scarring begins to block parts of the liver from neighbouring cells. • The scar tissue interferes with the way your liver functions, preventing it from regenerating properly. http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cirrhosis/Pages/Questionstoaskpg.aspx?url=Pages/Questionstoasktab.aspx Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  19. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  20. Alcohol and fat Alcohol has a high calorific value. These are empty calories – they have no nutritional value. • a 175ml glass of white wine has 130 calories. • a pint of a 4% ABV beer or lager has 170 calories. • a 25ml shot of tequila has 160 calories. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  21. The big night out – quiz. Do you know how many calories you may consume on a big night out? Take 5 minutes to complete this quiz in your workbook. (1 chicken tikka masala & rice = 680 calories) Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  22. The big night out – answers in the back of your workbook. Getting ready: 2 pints 4% ABV beer = 340 calories (2x170). Out on the town: 4 pints 4% ABV beer = 680 calories (4x170). 2 shots 25ml = 320 (2x160). Hungry: 1 chicken tikka masala & rice = 680 calories. 1 pint 4% ABV beer = 170 calories. TOTAL = 2,190 calories. (www.weightlossresources.co.uk/calories-in-food.) Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  23. Alcohol and fat – so what? • 200 calories = • 25 – 30 min jog • 22 – 25 min swim or • 12 – 15 min skipping • Ability to work • Personal health http://www.dietandfitnessresources.co.uk/fitness_exercise/10_ways.htm Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  24. Alcohol – how to cut down. • Make a plan – DON’T JUST STOP. • Set yourself a limit and keep to it. • Stick to lower strength beers, wine and spirits. • Stick to smaller measures. • Try to avoid drinking every night, have a few nights off. • Alternate alcohol and non-alcoholic drinks. • Find alternative ways of socialising. • DRINKS DIARY. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  25. Drinks Diary A drinks diary enables you to: track what you are drinking; when; who with and how much. Please refer to your workbook. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  26. Illegal drugs The next section focuses on drug use and misuse. We start with the context – what is the impact? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  27. What is a drug? “A drug is any substance that by its chemical nature alters the structure or functioning of a living being” Andrew Tyler, Street Drugs (1995). Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  28. Classification of drugs Some drugs are given a legal classification under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971: A – heroin, ecstasy, LSD, cocaine, crack, methylamphetamine; B – amphetamine, Ritalin; C – cannabis, ketamine, tranquilisers. (This is an indicative list only.) Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  29. Offences under the Misuse of Drugs Act • Possession of a controlled substance unlawfully; • Possession of a controlled substance with intent to supply it; • Supplying or offering to supply a controlled drug (even where no charge is made for the drug); • Allowing premises you occupy or manage to be used for the purpose of drug taking; • Allowing premises you occupy or manage to be used for the supply or production of any controlled drug; • Import or export of controlled drugs. It is not illegal to use drugs. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  30. Sentences Class A drugs • Possession: Up to 7 years in prison or an unlimited fine. Or both • Dealing: Up to life in prison or an unlimited fine. Or both. Class B drugs • Possession: Up to 5 years in prison or an unlimited fine. Or both. • Dealing: Up to 14 years in prison or an unlimited fine. Or both. Class C drugs • Possession: Up to 2 years in prison or an unlimited fine. Or both. • Dealing: Up to 14 years in prison or an unlimited fine. Or both. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  31. Drug use in England. Illegal drugs are in widespread use & a feature of modern life in England. • 4 million people use illegal drugs in England. • 24% of young people aged 16 to 24 have used an illegal drug in the last year. • 10% of people aged 16 to 59 have used an illegal drug in the last year. For many people use is solely recreational, and often with alcohol. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  32. Drug use in Norfolk • Estimated 8,200 problem drugs users in Norfolk. • 2,559 in treatment year to date. • 74% retained in treatment for more than 12 weeks. • Adults key concerns heroin and crack cocaine (but most present with poly drug use). • Young People key concerns alcohol and cannabis (but most present with poly drug use). Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  33. Norfolk Prices – indicative for court purposes (May 2008) • Herbal Cannabis (oz) £5 • Amphetamine (g) £8 to £10 • Heroin (0.1g & 0.2g bag) £10 • Crack Cocaine (0.2g rock) £20 • Cocaine (g) £45 to £55 • Ecstasy (tab) £3 to £5 • Ketamine(g) £10 to £20 Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  34. List of some drugs • Crack Cocaine • Ketamine • Solvents • Heroin • Benzodiazapines • Alcohol • Caffeine • Tobacco • LSD • Cannabis • Magic Mushrooms • Methadone • Ecstasy • Amphetamines • Cocaine Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  35. Effects of drugs All drugs can be loosely fitted into three main categories: -   • Stimulants: - drugs that act on the central nervous system and increase brain activity. • Depressants: - drugs that act on the central nervous system and slow down brain activity. • Hallucinogens: - drugs that act on the mind, distorting the way users see and hear things Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  36. Range of effects – Exercise.(Kevin Flemen – KFX) Turn to your work books - in pairs, can you place the drugs listed on the scale of effects diagram? Stimulant Hallucinogen Depressant Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  37. Range of effects - answers. The answers are in the back of your work book. Any thoughts? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  38. Drug, Set and Setting – Zinberg 1984 Drug • Purity and strength? • Dosage, frequency and tolerance? • Risks associated with the method of use? • Used in combination? Set • Mindset? • Moods or previous experiences? • Expectations? Setting • Where? • Who with? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  39. Indicators of drug use There is no cast iron guide. • Drugs and alcohol have a wide range of effects. • Complex interactions. • Easy to confuse. • Too generalised: confused, lack of coordination, slow reactions, high levels of confidence, heightened awareness…. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  40. Overdose If someone overdoses on alcohol and/or drugs: • Put them in the recovery position. • Make sure that their mouth is clear. • Dial 999 and ask for an ambulance. • Stay with them until an ambulance arrives. • Keep them warm. • Find out what they have drunk and if they have used any drugs – tell the ambulance crew. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  41. Source: NHS Wales Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  42. Drink Spiking - Quiz Some quick fire questions on drink spiking: • What is it? • How widespread is it? • Why do people do it? • What do they use to spike drinks? • What do you need to do if you think you’ve been spiked? • How do you prevent it happening? Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  43. Drink spiking - Answers • Covert use mind altering substances. • Uncertain but less than media suggests. • Why? joke, theft, sexual offences/exploitation. • 60 + drugs can be used (alcohol most used). • response – alert police report to medical centre and line manager. • Safer drinking. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  44. Operation MATISSE Operation MATISSE - Investigating Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (ACPO 2006) • 120 cases were submitted for examination. • 119 had reportedly been drinking alcohol. • 22 estimated over 2-3 times the driving limit. • 57 controlled or prescribed drugs were detected. • Cannabis and cocaine most commonly detected. • Rohypnol not detected in any of the submitted cases. • GHB was detected in two cases. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  45. Treatment and motivation The key to successful treatment outcomes is to engage people’s motivation. Prochaska and DiClemente developed a model known as the “Cycle of Change”. Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  46. Cycle of change Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

  47. What is available in King’s Lynn? • GPs. • Community Alcohol and Drug Service – 01553 815171. • NORCAS Homeless Outreach – 01603 766993. • Matthew Project – 0800 764754. • IMPACT (U18) – 01603 877480. • T2 – (U18) – 01603 877498. • FRANK – national helpline – 0800 776600 Norfolk Drug & Alcohol Action Team 2008

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