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Westward Expansion

Westward Expansion. Stagecoach (1939). John Wayne in Stagecoach (1939). John Wayne Monument in Orange County, CA. Ronald Reagan cowboy movie poster, 1953. Outline for Today:. 1. Economic Reasons for Expansion 2. Cultural Explanations 3. Paternalism 4. Violence.

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Westward Expansion

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  1. Westward Expansion

  2. Stagecoach (1939)

  3. John Wayne in Stagecoach (1939)

  4. John Wayne Monument in Orange County, CA

  5. Ronald Reagan cowboy movie poster, 1953

  6. Outline for Today: 1. Economic Reasons for Expansion 2. Cultural Explanations 3. Paternalism 4. Violence

  7. 1. Economic Reasons for Expansion

  8. Westward Expansion Map

  9. Settlers in front of a sod house in Nebraska

  10. Major railroads in 1880 with time zones

  11. Indian Reservations, ca. 1890

  12. 2. Cultural Explanations

  13. Cultural Explanations for Expansion 1. Frederick Jason Thurner, the Frontier Thesis The frontier culture defined American democracy: democratic politics society open to immigration free market economy rugged individualism 2. Survival of the fittest Indians seen as children American Indian Policy alternated between violence and paternalism

  14. 3. Paternalism

  15. Indians hunting buffalo

  16. Indians hunting buffalo on horseback

  17. Cheyenne woman Woxie Haury in ceremonial dress and in wedding portrait

  18. Boys hoeing garden, Tulalip Indian School, ca. 1912

  19. American Horse with children and relatives during an 1882 visit to the Carlisle Indian School.

  20. Far and Away (1992) - Cherokee Strip Land Run of 1893

  21. Far and Away (1992) - Cherokee Strip Land Run of 1893

  22. 4. Violence

  23. The Battle of Little Bighorn, 1876

  24. Custer’s last stand, painting

  25. Sioux drawing of the battle of Little Bighorn

  26. General George Custer

  27. Sioux Chief Sitting Bull

  28. Sitting Bull in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show

  29. Sioux Chief Crazy Horse

  30. George Kills in Sight interview, 1967 “So he put it on his waist and then they, they didn’t go in with him, but they stand so far and the guards stopped them, and they turn over to the . . . those Pine Ridge members that went after him escorted him to, to the . . . instead of taking him to the Army officer, they take him to . . . right straight to the jail. So there’s two guards on each side of the gate. And this Pine Ridge, members of the Pine Ridge, that escorted him, they told him that was a jail—in Indian. So he turned around, and this guard—he was a white soldier—just run his bayonet through, through the guts. He didn’t shoot him or anything, just . . . Killed him there. They just let him lay there, and of course he was dead. So, my grandfather and his bunch, they was from Cheyenne. They went up there and they claimed the body. ... [burial] So they dug a hole in a kind of washout, like a ravine, close up to a ridge. … They laid the body in there, and then put rocks just tight, you know, and put dirt on there, and fixed it so that nobody ever think there was a grave there. So, that’s why when they fixed that monument they wanted to know where he was buried but nobody will tell. Those that were present at the time will never tell!”

  31. Ghost dance, painting

  32. The Battle of Wounded Knee, 1890

  33. Frederick Remington, first moments of the battle

  34. 1973 Wounded Knee occupation medal

  35. Westward Expansion Timeline 1862 Homestead Act 1876 The Battle of Little Bighorn 1881 Sitting Bull imprisoned 1887 Dawes Act 1890 The US Census doesn’t locate the frontier line 1890 The Battle of Wounded Knee 1893 Frederick Jason Turner speech 1901 “Indian Territory”(now Oklahoma) tribes granted citizenship 1924 All American Indians granted citizenship Themes: 1. Economic Reasons 2. Cultural Explanations 3. Paternalism 4. Violence

  36. U.S. Presidents, 1877-Present Rutherford B. Hayes, 1877-1881 James Garfield, 1881 Chester Arthur, 1881-1885 Grover Cleveland, 1885-1889 Benjamin Harrison, 1889-1993 Grover Cleveland, 1993-1997 William McKinley, 1897-1901 Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909 William H. Taft, 1909-1913 Woodrow Wilson, 1913-1921 Warren Harding, 1921-1923 Calvin Coolidge, 1923-1929 Herbert Hoover, 1929-1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1933-1945 Harry Truman, 1945-1953 Dwight Eisenhower, 1953-1961 John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963 Lyndon Johnson, 1963-1969 Richard Nixon, 1969-1974 Gerald Ford, 1974-77 Jimmy Carter, 1977-1981 Ronald Reagan, 1981-1989 George H.W. Bush, 1989-1993 William J. Clinton, 1993-2001 George W. Bush, 2001-present

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