The Parts of Speech

1. The Parts of Speech An Overview

2. The Noun • A word or word group that names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea.

3. The Noun • Names a person • Secretary • Mrs. Kathy

4. The Noun • Names a place • School bus • Pembroke Middle

5. The Noun • Names things • Pencils • desks

6. The Noun • Names ideas • Love • freedom

7. The Noun • There are 6 types of nouns

8. The Noun • 1. common nouns • Names any one of a group of persons, places, things, or ideas • Not capitalized • Examples: • scientist • woman • city • building • continent • day

9. The Noun • 2. proper nouns • Names a particular person, place, thing, or idea • Is capitalized • . Examples • Marie Curie • Coretta Scott King • Cairo • Eiffel Tower • North America • Monday

10. The Noun • 3. concrete noun • Names a person, place or thing that can be seen, heard, tasted, touched, or smelt • Examples • Cloud • Poison • Ivy • Thunder • Silk • Yogurt • Sarah

11. The Noun • Abstract noun • Names an idea, a feeling, a quality, or a characteristic • Cannot be seen, heard, touched, tasted, or smelt physically • is mental • Examples • Freedom • Well-being • Beauty • Kindness • Buddhism

12. The Noun • 5. compound noun • Consists of two or more words used together as a single noun • Examples • One word: firefighter, Iceland, newspaper • Separate words: prime minister, Red River Dam, fire drill, race car driver • Hyphenated words: sister-in-law, Port-au-Prince, pull-up

13. The Noun • 6. collective noun • A word that names a group • Examples • People: audience, chorus, committee, crew • Animals: brood, flock, gaggle, herd • Things: assortment, batch, bundle, cluster

14. The Pronoun • A word that is used in place of one or more nouns or pronouns • Example: • Stan bought a suit and an overcoat. He will wear them.

15. The Pronoun • There are 6 types of pronouns.

16. The Pronoun • 1. Personal pronouns • Refers to the one speaking (1st person), the one spoken to (2nd person), or the one spoken about (3rd person).

17. Pronouns- Personal • 1st person personal pronouns (the one speaking) • I • Me • My • Mine • We • Us • Our • ours

18. Pronouns- Personal • - 2nd person pronouns (the one spoken to) • You • Your • yours

19. Pronouns- Personal • - 3rd person pronouns (the one spoken about) • He • Him • His • She • Her • Hers • It • its • They • Them • Their • theirs

20. Prounouns • 2. Reflexive and Intensive • Reflexive pronouns refer to the subject of a sentence • Intensive pronouns emphasize its antecedent. • Examples: • 1st person: myself, ourselves • 2nd person: yourself, yourselves • 3rd person: himself, herself, itself, themselves

21. Prounouns • 3. Demonstrative • Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out a specific person, place, thing, or idea. • Examples: • This • That • These • those

22. Prounouns • 4. Interrogative • Interrogative pronouns introduce a question • Examples: • Who • Whom • Which • What • Whose

23. Prounouns • 5. Relative • Relative pronouns introduce a subordinate clause (a group of words that is not a complete sentence, even though it has a subject and a verb) • Examples: • That • Which • Who • Whom • Whose

24. Prounouns • 6. Indefinite • Indefinite pronouns refer to one or more persons, places, ideas or things that may or may not be specifically named. • Refer to chart on page 381 • Examples: • All • Anybody • Both • Few • Many • Nobody • Somebody

25. Pronouns • Antecedents • The word that a pronoun stands for or refers to • Example: • Why did Oscar give his camera to the film school?

26. Adjectives • An adjective is a word that is used to modify a noun or a pronoun. • The word modify means “to describe”.

27. Adjectives • Adjectives answer three questions about the word it modifies. • 1. What kind? • 2. Which one? • 3. How many?

28. Adjectives • What kind? • Example: gray skies

29. Adjectives • Which one? • Example: last chance

30. Adjectives • How many? • Example: five fingers

31. Adjectives • Adjectives usually come BEFORE the noun or pronoun it modifies. • Example: • Ms. Barbara tells all students that good workers will be given special privileges.

32. Adjectives • Some words can be used as either adjectives or pronouns. • Examples: this, that, these, those • These words, as you may recall, are demonstrative pronouns. • However, they can also be used as adjectives when they describe a noun or a pronoun. • Example: • Did Jennifer draw this picture or that one? • That is my favorite.

33. Adjectives • Some words can be used as either adjectives or nouns. • You must look at the way the word is used in the sentence to determine its part of speech. • Example: • I love cheese. • I would like a cheese sandwich.

34. Adjectives • Proper adjectives are formed from proper nouns. • Examples: • Texas coast • Picasso painting

35. Adjectives • The most frequently used adjectives are the ARTICLES. • Articles are the three small words A, AN, THE.

36. Adjectives • Aand AN are called indefinite articles because they refer to any member of a general group. • The indefinite article Ais used before words with a consonant sound • EXAMPLE: • Agirl • The indefinite article AN is used before words with a vowel sound. • EXAMPLE: • Anelephant

37. Adjectives • THE is called the definite article because it refers to something or someone in particular. • EXAMPLE • The dog ran outside.

38. Verbs • A word that is used to express action or a state of being

39. Verbs • Show action • Can be physical or mental action • Examples: • Juanita mailed the package. • I believe you.

40. Verbs • Show a state of being • All forms of the verb BE are verbs that show a state of being • Example: • He is happy. • I am disappointed.

41. BE Verbs • Being • Am • Is • Are • Was • Were • be

42. Linking Verbs • A verb that connects the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject. • Example: • The answeriscorrect. • The winnersarehappy.

43. Common Linking Verbs • Be am is • Being are was • Were shall be will be • Has been have been had been • Shall have been can be • will have been could be • Should be would be • Should have been • Would have been • Could have been

44. Other Linking Verbs • Appear • Become • Feel • Grow • Look • Remain • Seem • Smell • Sound • Stay • Taste • turn

45. Verb Phrases • Verb phrases consist of one main verb and one or more helping verbs. • Helping verbs are also called auxillary verbs. • Helping verbs help the main verb express action or a state of being. • Example: • The dog is leaving with my homework.

46. Verb Phrases • More examples: • She had always been thinking of her future. • Has my sister played her new CD for you? • She should not have borrowed that necklace.

47. Adverbs • Modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.

48. Adverbs • Tell • WHERE • WHEN • HOW • TO WHAT EXTENT (how long or how much)

49. Adverbs • Just as an adjective makes a noun or pronoun more definite, an adverb makes the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another adverb more definite.

50. Common Adverbs • There • Up • Here • Down • Tomorrow • Weekly • Later • early